13.4 - Endometrium and myometrium

Question 1

what is ashermann syndrome? how is it caused?

Answer 1

• secondary amenorrhea due to loss of the basalis and scarring
• aggressie D&C

Question 2

what is the result of an anovulatory cycle?

Answer 2

estrogen-driven proliferative phase without a subsequent progesterone driven secretory phase

Question 3

endometriosis involving the uterine myometrium is called _________________

Answer 3

adenomyosis

Question 4

what is the most important predictor for progression to carcinoma in endometrial hyperplasia?

Answer 4

presence of cellular atypia:

• simple hyperplasia with atypia often progresses
• complex hyperplasia without atypia does not progress

Question 5

what is the histology of hyperplasia-induced endometrial carcinoma?

Answer 5

endometrioid

Question 6

in the sporadic pathway of endometrial carcinoma, carcinoma arises in a(n) __________ endometrium with no evident precursor lesion

Answer 6

atrophic

Question 7

what is the histology of sporadic endometrial carcinoma?

Answer 7

serous with papillary structures, psammoma bodies

Question 8

sporadic endometrial carcinoma is associated with what mutation?

Answer 8

p53

Question 9

endometrial biopsy shows endometrioid histology - diagnosis?

Answer 9

hyperplasia-induced carcinoma

Question 10

endometrial biopsy shows serous with papillary structures, psammoma bodies - what is the diagnosis and the mutation responsible?

Answer 10

• sporadic endometrial carcinoma

- p53

Question 11

gross exam: multiple, well-defined, white, whorled masses that may distort the uterus and impinge on pelvic structures - diagnosis

Answer 11

leiomyoma (fibroid)