17.2 - Spinal cord lesions

Question 1

syringomyelia results in sensory loss of pain and temperature with sparing of fine touch and position in the upper extremities due to involvement of the _____________ of the _____________

Answer 1

• anterior white commissure

- spintothalamic tract

Question 2

how does syringomyelia present?

Answer 2

• cape like distribution of sensory loss
• muscle atrophy and weakness with decreased muscle tone and impaired reflexes
• horner syndrome

Question 3

why does horner syndrome result from syringomyelia?

Answer 3

disruption of the lateral horn of the hypothalamospinal tract

Question 4

werdnig hoffman disease is an inherited degeneration of the ______________ and the inheritance is ________

Answer 4

• anterior motor horn

- AR

Question 5

ALS is a degenerative disorder of upper and lower motor neurons of the _____________ tract

Answer 5

corticospinal

Question 6

what is an early sign of ALS?

Answer 6

atrophy and weakness of hands

Question 7

what mutation occurs in some familial cases of ALS?

Answer 7

Cu/Zn SOD mutation

Question 8

friedrich ataxia is a degenerative disorder of the ________ and _________

Answer 8

cerebellum and spinal cord

Question 9

what is the inheritance of friedrich ataxia?

Answer 9

AR

Question 10

friedrich ataxia is due to n unstable trinucleotide repeat of ______ in the _________ gene

Answer 10

• GAA

- frataxin

Question 11

what is the normal role of frataxin? what happens when it is lost?

Answer 11

• mitochondrial iron regulation

- free radical damage

Question 12

friedrich ataxia is associated with _______________ cardiomyopathy

Answer 12

hypertrophic