10.3 - Esophagus Flashcards
what are the 3 findings in plummer vinson syndrome?
- iron deficiency anemia
- esophageal webs
- beefy red tongue (atrophic glossitis)
is a zenker diverticulum false or true? where does it arise?
- false
- upper esophageal sphincter at the junction of the esophagus and pharynx
what is boerhaave syndrome?
rupture of esophagus leading to air in the mediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema
in portal HTN leading to esophageal varices, the _______ vein backs up in to the _________ vein, resulting in dilation
- left gastric
- esophageal
painless hematemesis is called __________, and painful hematemesis is called ____________
- esophageal varices
- mallory-weiss syndrome
what is the cause of achalasia?
damaged ganglion cells in myenteric plexus
where is the myenteric plexus located in the esophagus?
between inner circular and outer longitudinal layers of the muscularis propria
- dysphagia for solids AND liquids
- putrid breath
- high LES on esophageal manometry
- bird beak sign on barium swallow
achalasia
does achalasia carry a risk for esophageal cancer? if so, which one?
yes - SCC
why do strictures form in GERD?
knocking out the mucosa knocks out the stem cells - healing then occurs by fibrosis
in barrett esophagus _______ epithelium is replaced by __________ epithelium
- stratified squamous
- nonciliated columnar with goblet cells
barrett esophagus can progress to what type of cancer? in which part of the esophagus?
adenocarcinoma - lower 1/3
SCC of the esophagus usually arises in which part of the esophagus?
upper or middle 1/3
lymph from the upper 1/3 of the esophagus drains into which nodes?
cervical
lymph from the middle 1/3 of the esophagus drains into which nodes?
mediastinal or tracheobronchial
