Wed Wk 2 Cardio 5.5 Flashcards
I is nonselective B agonist
inc cardiac __ by acting on __ receptor
causes vasodilation by acting on __ w dec SVR
Isopreterenol, contractility
B1
B2
A1 receptors present in vasc, bladder, eye
Drugs include E/N/P
stimulation inc __
contracts internal __
promotes m__ by contracting pupillary dilator
B1 receptor found in __
inc HR, contractility and __
affected by E/N/D/I
B2 receptor present in peripheral vasc, bonchi, uterus
effects are vaso__, broncho__ and ___ of uterus
affected by T/I
epi, norepi, phenylephrine
BP, urethral sphincter
mydriasis
heart, conduction
EPi, Norepi, Dobutamine, isopreteronol
dilation, dilation, relaxation
isopreterenol, Terbutaline
SSS commonly caused by A__
constriction __ to vertebral artery
promotes retrograde flow from __ vertebral artery to ipsi vertebral artery
sx include arm ___ and vertebrobasilar __
may have SBP diff in __
most common etiologies of pericarditis are F/S
atherosclerosis proximal contrateral ischemia, insufficiency arms
fibrinous/serofibrinous
inc cardiac output, dec TPR and inc mean systemic pressure all indicate formation of chronic __
RA pressure is less than __
RV systolic pressure tops at __
diastolic pressure stays __
PA systolic pressure stays __
A diastolic pressure is from __-__
PCWP is less than ___
AV fistula
6
30
the same
the same
6-12
12
the appearance of vacuoles and phospholipid amorphous densities in mitochondria indicate __ injury
cannot generate any more _
mitochondrial swelling is ___
w aging, left chamber __ in size
ventricular septum takes a __ shape
atrophy of the myocardium results in inc __, esp w amyloid
in myocytes, cytoplasmic granules contain brown __ accumulate
chronic ischemic heart disease results in ventricular __
diffuse subendocardial __ and fibrosis
irreversible
ATP
reversible
dec
sigmoid
CT
lipofuschin
enlargement
vacuolization
w anterior wall myocardial infarct, be concerned about __ rupture
presents w T__, JV __ and distant __
occurs w/in __ wks
IV septum rupture leads to new __ murmur (ie VSD)
occurs w/in __ days
Papillary muscle rupture occurs w/in __ days
severe __
new onset __
RV failure occurs A__
hypoTN and clear __
K__ sign is present
free wall
tamponade, distension, heart sounds
2
holosystolic
5
5
pulm edema, MR
acutely
lungs
kussmaul
prior history of __ reduces cardiac rupture risk
presence of __ at infarct and development of __ is protective
as are pt w __ LV hypertrophy due to inc thickness
MI
fibrosis, collaterals
concentric
DCCB have predisposition for
peripheral __
this inc __ pressure, and fluid leakage
this leads to SE of H/F/D/peripheral __
use w __ dilate postcapillary venules, red peripheral edema
ACE inhibs prevent __ breakdown, leading to __
Bradykinin is potent __ inc vasc permeability
arterioles
hydrostatic
HA, flushing, dizzy, edema
ACEI
bradykinin, angioedema
vasodilator
left recurrent laryngeal nerve loops underneath the __
if __ is dilated, compression can occur w resulting hoarseness
Isolated systolic HTN is due to __ w ae
arterial __ inc, caused by endothelial dysfxn and change in ECM
can be due to aortic __ as well
seen w very high __ but normal DBP
aortic arch
LA
aortic stiffening
stiffens
regurg
systolic BP
__ can present at birth w machinelike murmur
or if large, later w HF and peripheral cyanosis due to __ syndrome
no BP/PP ___
ASD/VSD w eisenmenger syndrome affect both __
PDA
eisenmenger
discrepancy
extremities
to prevent CVC infections use proper \_\_ full \_\_ precautions \_\_ skin disinfection avoid \_\_ artery remove catheter \_\_
AS murmur correlates to difference in __ bw LV/aortic pressures
hand hygeine surgical clorhexidine femoral asap
magnitude
external compression by lung tumor/thrombosis can lead to obstruction of __ vein
presents w right side face/arm swelling and engorged __
similar to SVC syndrome, but only affects __ side
Brachiocephalic veins drain ipsi __/__ veins
obstruction of __ vein assc w facial swelling only
obstruction of __ assc w arm swelling only
combine to form the __
brachiocephalic
veins
one
subclavian, jugular
jugular
subclavian
SVC
SE of ACEI is first dose __
most likely to occur w low __ activity, such as w volume depletion
can occur in pt on __ w added ACEI, as this removes AT2, promoting __
to reduce risk, begin at __
pt w diabetic neuropathy induced orthostasis most likely has __ of this effect
HypoTN
renin
diuretic, vasodilation
low dose
history
in elderly pt, serum creatinine can appear normal bc it is derived from __
elderly indiv usually have age related renal __
therefore, reduce dose of renally eliminated drug like D
muscle
insufficiency
digoxin
