Thursday Wk 2 Heme 1.5 Flashcards
cross sectional study is a __ study
Erythroblastosis fetalis/HDN are type __ HS rxn
occur via __ antibodies
ABO incompatability is caused by __ antibodies
except in type O mother, in which antibodies are __
ABO incompatability can occur in 1st preg bc we are exposed to __/__ like antibodies in life
prevalence
2
IgG
IgM
IgG
Anti-A/B
Etoposide/Podophyllin are inhibs of __
Topo1 makes ss nicks to relieve __supercoiling
Topo2 induces double strand __ to relieve pos/neg supercoiling
normally, Topo2 can repair its break, unless inhib by E/P
E is used for __ and __ cancers
P is used for genital __
in contrast, I/T are inhibs of topo1
topo2
neg
breaks
etoposide, podophyllin
testicular/ sclc
warts
ironotecan/tepotecan
Nonfibrin specific fibrinolytic S
Fibrin specific T, R, T act on fibrin in __ formed clot w out systemic activation
less risk of __
can use fibrinolytic for __ tx
contraindications are __/__ stroke, active __, BP > __ and suspected dissecting ___
restoration of BF after fibrinolytic can result in __, called reperfusion
streptokinase
tPA, retelplase, tenecteplase
recently
systemic bleeds
AMI
hemorrhagic/ischemic, bleed, 180/100, aneurysm
arrhythmia
pt w cirrhosis has dec synthesis of ___
factor __ has shortest half life, and is first to become abnormal
addition of __ may not improve the pt as there must be a new synthesis of factors
factor 8 comes from the __
cirrhosis is assc w thrombocytopenia due to dec synthesis of T__ and inc splenic __
clotting factors
7
VK
endothelium
thrombopoeitin, sequestration
AA attachement to the 3’ end of tRNA catalyzed by aminoacyl __
responsible for ensuring correct __ binds to tRNA w proper anticodon
some synthetases can __ and hydrolyze the AA bond if incorrect
tRNA acts as adaptor to insert AA into PP chain when __ and codon match
if AA is incorrect, the __ AA will be incorporated into the strand
tRNA synthetase
AA
proofread
anticodon
wrng
Aspirin irreversibily inhibits COX1/COX2 via __
blocking of COX1 stops prodxn of __
COX2 acetylation blocks PG production in __ cells, resulting in anti-inflam, pyretic, analgesic effect
Pericarditis typically tx w A/C
Acetominophen __ inhibits cox enzymes
CS like B reduce __ expression and dec synth of AA via __ inhibition
Celecoxib inhibits __ only
low risk of __ but high risk of __
Colchicine inhibits polymerization of __ into microtubules
prevents movement of ___
D/I/I reversibly inhibit COX1/COX2
acetylation
TA2
inflammatory
aspirin, colchicine
reversibly
Budesonide, COX2, phospholipase A2
COX2
gi bleed, thrombosis
beta tubulin
PMNs
Diclofenac, ibuprofen, indomethacin
__ is released by endothelium to bind Gp1B receptor on platelet/subendothelial collagen
also carries __
def impairs __ fxn
labs show normal __ count
ristocetin activates __ receptors, allowing for vWF bidning
pt w vWF def will not correct w __ but will w normal plasma
may lead to def of factor __ and prolonged PTT
first line for heavy menses is __
also tx w D__ to stimulatee vWF release from endothelium
vWF F8 platelet platelet GP1B
ristocetin
8
OCP
desmopressin
__ syndrome is seen w thrombocytopenia, large platelets and mucocutaneous bleeding
def of __ receptors
platelet aggregation w ristocetin will be __
addition of normal plasma does __ correct
def of Gp2B3A is \_\_ thrombasthenia platelet aggregation will correct w \_\_ bc Gp1B and vWF are normal
congenital def in __ prolongs PTT w tendency for thrombosis
Bernard soulier
Gp1B
abnormal
not
Glanzman
ristocetin
F12
Mycoplasma attacks resp epithelium by binding to __ antigen
forms cross reacting __ antibodies to RBC
promotes __ that can lead to hemolytic anemia
IgM falls by __ w resolution
can also see __ syndrome, __ pain, enceph, a__ and __ myringitis w mycoplasma
I
IgM
cold agglutins
4w
SJ, joint, arrhythmia, bullous
fx of down syndrome mental \_\_ prominent \_\_ folds flat \_\_ and \_\_ palate \_\_ fold thickens palmar \_\_ crease D/J \_\_ sandal \_\_ inc risk of \_\_/\_\_
karyotype w enlongated chromo 9 and short 22 indicates ___
Fragile X chromosome will not grow in __ media
retard epicanthal face, cleft nuchal simian atresia gap ALL/AML
CML
folate def
PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway begins w GF binding to a __
this autophosphorylates, and activates __
Akt activates __ to go to nucleus and induce gene trxn for cell __ and anti-__ and angiogenesis
this is inhibited by __ a tumor suppressor
inc __/__ or loss of __ can result in cancer
drugs like R/S inhbit mTOR
RTK Protein kinase B mTOR growth, apoptosis PTEN
PKt, PI3K, PTEN
rapamycin, siroliums
malignant cells similar to the tissue of origin are called __
dysplastic growth is confined to __
may be P__ or lose aligment
may be hyper__ and have __ N:C ratio
Dysplasia is __
go from __ to high grade/CIS
once it has breached, condition is now __
well diff
epithelium
pleomorphic
chromatic, inc
reversible
low grade
invasive carcinoma
anaplastic tumors have fx lost cell \_\_ w disrupted architecture may have cellular/nuclear P\_\_ \_\_ N:C ratio w lots of chromatin numeous \_\_ figures form giant, \_\_ cells
polarity pleomorphis high mitotic multinucleated
APL is a __ translocation
RARA goes from chromo __ to chromo 15 and fuses w PML
RARA normally helps __ of myeloids via tetinoic acid
translocation results in trxn __ and produces abnormal receptor
tx w __ a VA derivative
this stimulates __
15, 17
17
differentiation
repression
ATRA
differentiation
ALL w CD10 have __ prognosis
CLL neoplastic cells resemble mature __ cells
good
B cells
