Renal 3 Flashcards
Goodpasture syndrome is caused by autoantibodies against __ chain of __ collagen
__ manifests as SOB/hemoptysis and __ on CXR
may cause __ DLCO
Cushing dz will have low __/__
alpha 3, type 4
alveolar hemorrhage
inc
renin/aldosterone
Eosinophils fxn in __ defense
stimulated by __ released from Th2/mast cells
when parasite enters blood, coated w __/__ binding to Fc portion of eosinophil
eosinophils degrnaulate and release __ protein like MBP that destroy parasite
process known as __, used by macros/PMN and NK cells
eosinohpils also important in __ HS rxn
parasite
IL5
IgG, IgE
cytotoxic
antibody dependent cytotoxic killing
Type 1
first __ ribs are true ribs bc they attach to __
next 5 are __
rib 8-10 attaches to __ cartilage
rib 11/12 are __
12th rib overlies __ medially and __ laterally
lymphatic flow is __ in nephrotic syndrome
7, sternum
false
costal
floating
parietal pleura, kidney
inc
pt w urge in continence w overactive bladder due to __ in SC
such as in pt w __
little residual volume as bladder is able to contract but not __/__
lost __ control from frontal cortex
bladder has inc __
elevated urethral pressure indicates ___
pt w __ bladder has LMN lesions
pt has large __ volume
UMN lesion MS relax/distend inhibitory tone
obstruction
flaccid
reisdual
recurrent nephrolithiasis in young pt should indicate __
disorder affects sodium independent __ AA transporter in the intestine/proximal tubule
dx w elevated urine __
test w ___
nitroprusside interacts w sulfhydryl group on __, causing a _ color
cystinuria
dibasic
cysteine
Na cyanide nitroprusside
cysteine
red
__ incontinence due to impaired detrusor contraction or BOO
pt has continuous __ when bladder is full and __ emptying
usually a result of __
involes __ fibers to badder
postvoid residual urine will be __
overflow leakage, incomplete DM efferent high
__ leads to progressive urinary tract sx
epithelial/stromal __ in the P__/T__ zones
prostate is __
blocks prostatic urethra, leading to ___
pt has problems V__/S__
as it progresses, pt develops __ incont
inc hydrostatic force is necessary to urinate, leading to __
over time, reflux leads to parenchymal __ and C
BPH
hyperplasia, periurethral/transitional
rubbery
BOO
voiding/storing
overflow
hydronephrosis
atrophy, CKD
__ is produced by T cells
binding to the IL2 receptor causes growth/survival of __/__ cells, __ cells and M
inc activity of __/__ cells provides antitumor effects
A__ is synthetic IL2 used for MM/RCC
Alemtuzumab is anti- used for CLL
stimulates complement fixation and ___
IL2
T/B, NK, monocytes
T/NK
aldesleukin
CD52
antibody dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity
In MCD, t cell dysfxn releases __ to cause podocyte effacement
this dec __ property of GBM, allowing for leakage of albumin
permeability factor
anionic
abrupt onset hematuria in healthy pt w fam history of SCD suggests ___
RPN caused by __ disease as the sickle cells obstruct small __
Analgesic nephropthy, as dec __ synthesis and VC affarent arterioles dec blood flow
DM- leading to V__ and hypoperfusion
P__ compressing vasculature
kidney will have gray/yellow __ in distal 2/3
_ necrosis appears
Cortical surface has __ as fibrous depressions accumulate
Sx due to sloughed __ and produce dark urine and flank pain due to ___
Renal papilary necrosis
sickle cell
vessels
PG
vasculopathy
pyelonephritis
necrosis
coag
scars
papillae
obs
pyuria/acidosis/hypophosphatemia indicates ___
Thiazide diuretics eventually lead to activation of __ system
aldosterone in excretion of __/__ ions, leading to hypo__ and met ___
C__ appears to be more likely to do this
sx of hypokalemia: muscle __, C and possible R
fanconi anemia
RAAS
H/K
kalemia, acidosis
chlorthalidone
weakness, cramps, rhabdo
__ is used to tx glaucoma, as CA is present in the eye
dec production of __/__
SE include S, P, urine __
Met ___, de__, hypo__/__
Regulation of RAAS
M__ senses Na in distal tubule
intrarenal __
__ receptors
Beta receptors stimulate the release of __
Beta blockers inhibit release of __
acetazolamide
HCO3, AH
somnolence, paresthesias, alkalinization
acidosis, dehydration, Na/K
macula dense
baroreceptors
B1 receptors
renin
renin
RCC can metastasize to the l__ and b__, a__, l__
may inc release of __
look for elevated __
without ADH, collecting tubules are __ to water, thus urine is __
without ADH, urine is most concentrated in the __
Loop diuretic major SE
occurs w __ doses, preexisting __, rapid __ admin, or w other ototoxic drugs A/S/C
lungs, brain, adrenals, liver
PTHrp
Hct
impermeable
dilute
deep LoH
ototoxic
higher, CKD, IV
aminoglycosides, salicylates, cisplatin
Pyridoxine can dec __ prodxn
high levels of acid inc __ absorption and therefore stone formation
__ is normally filtered at the glomerulus and completely reabsorbed in the PT
inhibition of transporters results in glucose clearance nearing value of __, which can be measured by __
oxalate
citrate
glucose
GFR
inulin
Loop diuretics also release __
this dilates the __ to inc RBF/GFR and enhance drug delivery
tx w NSAID inhibits __ synthesis, dec loop diuretic fxn
renin is released in response to low __/__/__
BPH can lead to acute __
enlarged bladder __ obstruction or contracted prostate __ obstruction compress the urethra, leading to inc residual __
can allow for growth of _
PG
AA
PG
Na, flow, ABP
urinary retention
static, dynamic
volume
pathogenic bacteria
