Thurs Wk 3 Infectious Disease 1 Flashcards
HBV produces __ protein that activates synthesis of IGF1/2
also suppresses __ to allow cell cycle progression
over time, as mutations accumulate, __ develops due to viral integration
IgM against HBcAg indicates __/__ infection
can cause massive decline in HCC numbers by __ against HepB
HBx
p53
HCC
acute/recurrent
vaccinating
pt w hypoTN, tachycardia/pnea and fever has __ shock
cardiac output is __ early, w peripheral __ and warm extremities
later, SV/CO__ and hypopefusion presents
mediators include __/__/IL6
__ is released to recruit lymphs/activate phagocytosis
pt w aortic regurg and mediastinal widening w positive FTA-ABS has __
begins w __ endarteritis and obliteration
this results in ischemia, and __ of adventitia leading to dilation
FTA-ABS is _ for syphilis
septic
inc, VD
dec
TNFA, IL1
INFG
tertiary syphillis
vaso vasorum
weaking
specific
pt w vomiting, D, muscle pains and erythroderma w tampon/nasal packing has __
leads to __ dysfxn w desquamative rash over palms/soles
produces TSST that interacts w APC like __ and variable region of helper T
widespread activation w release of __ resulting in shock
dec bactraial catalase peroxidase provides resistance to I__
must be converted to __ form by catalase peroxidase to stop mycolic acid synthesis
Rifampin inhibits __ dependent RNA poly
TSS
multiorgan
Macros
cytokines
isoniazid
active
pt w genital ulcer that is solitary, painless and heaped up has __
gram neg __ that cannot be gram stained
dx w __ tests like VPRL/RPR has high rate of __ due to antibody response taking 4w
use __ test like FTA-ABS instead
gold standard for dx is scraping and visualization on __ w spirochetes
pt w painless ulcer that spreads to LN w painful LAN has __ serovars of CT
usualy in T__ regions
Syphilis spirochete nontreponemal, false neg treponemal DFM
L
tropical
multiple painful, superficial vesicles/ulcerations on erythematous base has __
dx w __ smear or PCR
Deep, purulent, painful ulcer w LAN has H__ chancroid
small gram neg __
Dx w __ and culture/PCR
Klebsiella granulomatis has painless, prog red ulcers w out __
preferred dx is __
A___ is NRTI used for AIDS
AHR assc w HLA __, which alters presentation of self peptides and leads to __ HS rxn
pt has f, malaise, GI sx and delayed __
NNRTI E/N not assc w HLA alleles
may have __ rash or liver enzyme elevation
HSV
tzank
h ducreyi
rod
gram stain
LAD
biopsy
Enfavirenz, nevirapine
SJS
E__ is NRTI assc w rash on palms/soles
acquisition of new viral __ protein is necessary to infection new host cells
if avian/human virus mixes, and avian virus can now infect humans, but progeny cannot, __ mixing has occurred
unchanged __ genome w envelope proteins of another strain
due to lacking genetic change, progeny will __ to only having avian properties
Re__ is when segmented viruses exchange whole segments
Re__ is when DNA molecules cross over and exchange DNA
emtricitabine
surface
phenotypic
parenta
revert
reassortment
rearranging
EBV infects __ cells and forces them to continuously proliferate called immortilazation
EBV oncogenes activate proliferative and anti-__ signaling pathways
Immune response keeps it __ but can release Ig/B cell products
Pyranazimide must be converted to active form by P___ thus downregulating it can lead to resistance
Isoniazid can also have resistance due to modifying the __ site
mature B
apoptotic
held out
pyranazaminidase
binding
__ binds ergosterol to cause fungal cell lysis
can have acute __ related rxn, which can be prevented w antipyretic
has dose dependent __ by dec GFR, so monitor creatinine
may cause __ due to dec renal EPO prodxn
may have T__ at site of inject
Griseofulvin binds __ proteins
Pt w Mono like sx but no sore throat/LAD probably has __ mono
neg to __ antibody test
commonly from infusion of __ blood products, as virus infects leuks of G/M lineage
in either EBV/CMV look for atypical __
Amphotercin B injection nephrotoxicity anemia thrombophlebitis
microtubule
CMV heterophile leukocytes granulocyte/macrophage lymphocytosis
HIV binds to __/__ via gp120
CCR5 chemokine allows for HIV fusion w cell __
those who do not express __ are resistant to HIV
_ gene in HIV dec expression of MHC class 1 Tat for viral \_\_
NNRTI do not require activation via __
includes N/E
SE include __ rash, hepatotox, and neuropsych
NRTI have __ at end or Abacavir/Tenofovir
Se include LA, lipo__, Panc w D__, BM suppression w Z
Protease inhibs are -__ drug
se include __ comps
Integrase inhibs are -__ drug
se is m__
CD4, CCR5
membrane
CCR5
Nef
replication
phos
Nevirapine, efavirenz
SJS
ine, distrophy, Didanosine, zidovidine
navir
metabolic
gravir
myopathy
Penicillins inhibit T__ to stop final cross linking step
joins AA at __ position in peptidoglycan molecule
structurally similar to D-__ d- alanine, allowing for integration
cell wall synth stops, and degredation occurs via bacterial __
Vanc is glycopeptide that binds same residues at __ step
S__ antibiotics compete w PABA for incoporation into FA
T__ inhibits DHFR
tranglycosylase
3rd
alanine
autolysins
earlier
sulfonamides
trimethorpim
Double stranded DNA enveloped viruses include H__ like hepB, herpes, and P__
nonenveloped include A__, papova like __, and polymoma like __
vesicles on lips, hard palate, fever LAD is __ in child
lip lesions less severe due to __ from prior infection
if vesicles present on buccal mucose, tongue, soft palate and palms, soles, think __
Hepadana, pox
adenovirus, HPV, JC
HSV1
immunity
coxsackie A
infant w mother that has high viral load and HbEAg positive have high risk of __
viral replication occurs __ due to poor IS fxn
thus, infants have high viral load and __
become immune __ to form chronic HBV infection w only mild LFTs
high risk of cirrhosis and __
tx w HepB __ and Ig immediately
pt from LA w no immunocompromisation w seizure and cystic brain lesion has N__ from taenia solium
ingesting eggs from __ leads to cysticercosis
ingesting uncooked pork w larval __ leads to tapeworm infection
embryos attach/penetrate SI and migrate to __ to form fluid filled cyst
may have intracranial __ due to CSF obstrctio
look for cyst/__ on MRI
blood E__ and inc ESR
tx w A__
neonatal HepB rapidly HBeAg tolerant HCC vaccination
neurocysticercosis stool cysts brain hypertension scolex eosinophilia albendazole
Bacillus antracis has antiphagocytic __
also antrax __ w protective antigen, edema factor, and lethal factor
protective antigen transports other __ to cytosol
edema facor then acts as calmodulin dependent AC to inc __ prodxn
suppressing __/__
Lethal factor is __ dependent protease to inhibit protein kinase signal
causes A__ and multiorgan disruption
Bordetella pertussis also produces __ toxin producing immune suppression
pertussis toxin __ AC w inc cAMP levels and phagocyte dysfxn
capsule toxin toxins cAMP PMN/macro Zn apoptosis
AC
disinhibits
c diff toxin A recruits/activates __ w release of cytokines and fluid loss/diarrhea
Strep __ exotoxin acts as superantigen in strep TSS and scarlet fever
pt w restlessness, agitation, dysphagia, hydrophobia, aerophobia, pharyngeal spasm has __ enceph
virus travels retrograde via PN to __ ganglion and replicates in brain
prophylactic __ is preferred
postexposure prophylaxis w _ and inactivated vaccine by beta-propiolactone
w out tx leads to ascending __ paralysis
PMN
pyrogenic
rabies
dorsal root
vaccination
Ig
flaccid
__ fever caused by C burentti
acquired via __ of contaminated animal waste
acute Q fever has nonspecific __ illness for 10d
see debilitating __ that are retroorbital w photophobia
__ is common sx, w lobar presentation
Leuks are __
may see inc liver __ and thrombocytopenia
Chronic may present as infective __ in pt w valvular dz
M__ presents in immunosuppresed pt
may affect __ sinuses w facial/periorbital pain, HA, discharge
may have black __
broad, nonseptae hyphae branching at __ angles
tx w __ and amphotercin B
Q, inhalation febrile HA PNA normal enzymes endocarditis
mucormycosis paranasal eschar right surgery
bacteria have __ that provides shape/resistance to osmotic stress
if cell wall is destroyed, can be killed via placing in __ solution
never use __ for Tb unless pt has positive PPD and no xray findings
RF for parotitis include dec __ flow, meds like A__, obstruction due to N/C, dehydration or post intubation
usually bacterial due to S__
see firm, pre/post __ swelling
trsimus, D_ and systemic sx
Dx w __ showing duct inflammation/obstruction
inc salivary __
peptidoglycan cell wall
hypotonic solution
monotherapy
saliary, anticholinergics, neoplasm ,calculus Staph aureus\ auricular dysphagia CT amylase
T lymphocytes protect against opportunistic __ from sperficial infections like esophageal/oral/cutaneous/__
PMN prevents against __ spread
thus, __ candida is seen in neutropenic pt
C perfringens is likely to cause gas __ in anaerobic enviro
visualize on __ to differentiate from necrotizing fasc
also produces late onset __ if ingested
spores germinate in __ and elaborate toxin w watery diarrhea
infant w oral thrush, interstitial PNA, and severe lymphopenia have vertical \_\_ all mothers w HIV must have \_\_ usually 2 N/NRTI and P/N/I inhib avoid E\_\_ as it is teratogenic infants treated w Z\_\_
Candida
vaginal
hematogenous
disseminated
gangrene
radiographs
gastroenteritis
GI tract
HIV1 HAART protease, NN, integrase inhib enfavirenz ziduvodine
pt w fever, systemic sx, relative bradycardia, ab pain diarrhea/constipation and rose spots on abdomen has __
must have recent __
can progress to H__ and ulceration of GI tract w bleeding
transmural necrosis can lead to intestinal __
pt w bile tract abnorms can allow it to __ in bile
D__ is lipopeptide antibiotic used against gram pos MRSA
creates transmembrane __ w ion leakage
cell membrane is __ w inhibition of protein synth
binds/inactivated by __ so do not tx PNA
ineffective against __ bacteria
SE is inc __ levels
Linezolid inhibits __ rRNA of 50s subunit
SE include T, __ neuritis and SS
Salmonelli typhi travel HSM perforation persist
daptomycin pores depolarized surfactant gram neg CK
23s
thrombocytopenia, optic
prevent recurrence of HSV2 w daily __
cannot tx latent forms, but suppresses __
ability to clot blood is __ test, positive in S Aureus
Gram + cocci catalase + is staph aureus
have __ hemolysis
Coag neg Staph novobiocin sensitive is S __
seen on __ devices
Novobiocin resistant is __
Flucytosine inhibits __/__ synthesis
used w amphotercin B in tx C__
valaciclovir
reactivation
coagulase
beta
epidermidis
intravascular
saprophyctus
DNA/RNA
cryptococcus
pt w acute fever, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, inc LFTs, intraerythrocytic inclusions has B__ from Ixodes tick
pt w __ is at inc risk, presentingw ARDS
agent is Babesia __
found in __ US just like Lyme dz
dx w intraerythrocytic ring/__ cross forms
Aminoglycoside resistance from __ of ABP of 30s subunit
also can have protein that inactives A via altering its _
Babesiosis splenectomy microti NE maltese
methylation
structure
__ inhibitors to tx HIV can lead to metabolic syndrome
lipo__ w redistribution of fat to ab/back
hyperglycemia by inc __
interactions due to __ metabolism
switch from rifampin to __
after HIV enters cell, it is transcribed to __ by RT
enters nuclease and inserts into host chromos via __
RNA poly 2 then transcribes __ to exit to cytoplasm and begin prodxn
Integrase inhibs thus prevent prodxn of __
M__ is CCR5 antag that prevents binding of HIV
protease dystrophy insulin resistance p450 rifabutin
dsDNA
integrase
viral mRNA
viral mRNA
maraviroc
Rotavirus can cause __ but is unlikely in US due to vaccination
N__ causes diarrhea/vomiting, w systemic sx
diarrhea is __ due to lack of SB inflammation
linear, _ stranded RNA virus
resistant to acid, bile and __ enzymes
transmitted via __ spread w outbreaks in crowded settings
gastroenteritis
norovirus watery single pancreatic FO
