Friday Wk 3 Male Repro Flashcards
klinefelter syndrome has testicular failure due to hyalinization and __ of seminiferous tubules
Testosterone is low due to __ dysfxn
LH and FSH are __
early in gestation, testes are located in the __ region
descend w evagination of the __
failure to obliterate PV leads to connection bw scrotum and __
if fluid leaks around testicle, __ develops
dx via T__ of scrotum
if larger communication, ab ograns can pass known as __ hernia
covered in internal __ fascia
both Hydrocele/IIH will __ w valsalva
fibrosis
Leydig cell
high
retroperitoneal PV abdominal cavity hydrocele transillumination
IIH
spermatic
inc
BPH is caused by __ effect on prostatic epithelial cells
dynamic component is smooth muscle in bladder neck, prostate __ and prostatic urethra
fixed component is __
Alpha adrenergic antags T, T relieve dynamic component
5AR inhibs F, D address the fixed component
can lead to dec in prostate _
P_ is urinary analgesic to tx dysuria
DHT
capsule
prostate
tamsulosin, terasozin
Finasteride, dutasteride
size
phenazopyridine
prostate cancer is __ dependent
can tx w constant __ such as Leuprolide
can have transient rise in __ and testosterone
thus, F__ a nonsteroid competitive testosterone receptor inhibitor
prevents __ effects
may reduce __ of tumor/mets
K__ is antiandrogen that dec steroid hormone synth in gonads/adrenals
Female urethral folds do not fuse to form __
Male urethral folds fuse to form __ aspect of penis and penile raphe on anterior wall of urethra
incomplete fusion leads to __ anywhere along tract
Epispadias is opening on __ surface of penile shaft
due to faulty position of genital T__
Testosterone GnRH LH Flutamide stimulatory size Ketoconazole
labia minora
ventral
hypospadias
dorsal
tubercle
In gonadal stage of development, if Y chromo is present, SRY gene stimulates release of T/MIH from __/__ cells
MIH causes regression of __ ducts, while mesonephric ducts remain
in females, T/MIH are not __
Genital stage then forms __ or __ urogenital organs
Testosterone in male gives rise to __ genitals
DHT gives rise to __ genitalia
leydig, sertoli
paramesonephric
produced
male, female
intenal
external
Testes descend from abdomen to scrotum through __ inguinal ring to enter inguinal canal
this opening is the __ fascia
Teste than passes through _ inguinal ring w opening in __ muscle aponeurosis near the pubic tubercle
Cryptorchidism is teste palpable in __ canal
usually descends by __m, if not, requires Orchiopexy
Vasectomy transects the V__
this is transport duct from E__ to ejac duct, that also stores sperm
Vasectomy blocks __ sperm, but not old
pt still has viable sperm for __ m
deep transversalis external oblique inginal 6
vas deferens
epididymis
old
3
Causes of ED P\_\_ stressors Performance A\_\_ Meds like \_\_ or \_\_ blocker V/N impairment Genitourinary T\_\_
important clue in psycogenic mechanism is __ onset
no sex difficulty until 1 day, always __
also have presence of __
would not be present if N/V dz was the cause
KS has atrophied __ tubules w low inhibin and damaged __ cells w low T
thus, LH/FSH and estrogen will be __
Gynecomastia can occur, inc risk of __ transform
psychogenic anxiety SSRI, symp vasc/neuro trauma
rapid
psychologic
morning wood
Neuro/vasc
semiferous
leydig
high
malignant
pt w acne, male pattern baldness, reduced height, aggressive behavior has __ abuse
look for inc A__ levels
SF1/NR5A1 are genes necessary for steroidogenesis, sexual __ and repro
muttions can lead to __ differences and genital malformations
Defect in __ cells leads to loss of spermatogenesis
Seminiferous tubules/sertoil cells are very __ sensitive
at body temps, atrophy/necrosis will occur leading to dec __
must correct before 2 to maintain __
Leydig cells/testosterone are __ temp sensitive
anabolic steroid
androstenedione
development
phenotypic
Sertoli
temp
fertility
fertility
not
virtually all men w CF have A__ and infertility
CFTR mutation leads to loss of __ structures, thus no vas deferens
PCD has low nasal __ levels
dx w Bronchoscopy and EM of __ abnorms
both __/__ have chronic sinopulm infections, nasal polyps, bronchiectasis, digital clubbing
Lymphatic drainage of scrotum is to __ inguinal LN
these nodes get all cutaneous lymph from umbilcus to __
exception is Testis which drains to _ LN
and Cutaneous calf/Penis which drains to __ inguinal LN
azoospermia
wolffian
NO
ciliary
PCD/CF
superficial
feet
para-aortic
deep
pelvic fracture w inability to void indicates __ injury
may have __ in urethral meatus and high riding prostate
do not place __, but do retrograde U__
Anterior prostate is located in __, divided into bulbous/penile segments
Posterior prostate is more __
divided into prostatic and M__ segment
trauma w fracture likely injures _ urethra at bulbomembranous jxn
injury to anterior bladder wall presents w extraperitoneal leakage of __
prostatic urethra is protected by __
falling on crossbar more likely damages __ of anterior urethra
urethral blood catheter, urethrogram bulb proximal membranous
posterior
urine
prostate
bulbous
prostate is located just above __ on CT
Hydrocele has fluid in the Tunica __
Spermatic cord has Internal spermatic fasica overlying, derived from __ fascia
next is C__ fascia derived from internal oblique muscle
top most layer is E__ fascia, derived from external oblique
Epipidydims is located __ to testicle
transports __ esp in the head
can be infected w G/C
Tunica __ is fibrous tissue over testicles/CC
can have excess collagen deposition in P_
anal canal
vaginalis
transversalis
cremasteric
external spermatic
superior
sperm
Gonorrhea, chlamydia
albuginea
Peyrione’s dz
Prostate cancer can metastasize to LN, L/L/S
cancers of pelvis/prostate spread to spine via VVP
this connects w __ venous plexus
runs entire __ and connects w venous system
VVP communicates w __ vein on chest
possible explanation for Breast/lung cancers to enter __ spine
human glycoprotein hormones (4)
identical __ subunit, while Beta is specific
HcG and TSH have very high Beta __, thus hCG can bind TSH receptor
high levels of HCG producing tumor can cause paraneoplastic H__
liver, lungs, skeleton
vertebral venous plexus
prostatic
spinal cord
azygous
thoracic
HCG, TSH, LH, FSH
alpha
similarity
hyperthyroid
AFP is marker of H and G CA-19 9 mrker of \_\_ CA 125 marker of \_\_ CEA marker of \_\_ HCG is marker of C/G
primitive gonads develop from __ ridges
w SRY gene, embryo develops T__
Sertoli cells produce __ which cause mullerian involution
also produce __ to concentrate T in semiferous tubules for spermatogenesis
Leydig cells release __ which promotes wolffian ducts to become __ male organs
T then becomes __ to form external structures
HCC, germ cell pancreatic ovarian colorectal choriocarcinoma, gem cells
genital
testes
AMH
ABG
T, internal
DHT
thus, Male w lack of sertoli cells, pt will have __ internal genitali and __ external genitalia
gonadal artery arises from the __
right gonadal artery goes in front of __ and ileum
left gonadal artery courses behid Left __ and sigmoid artery and C__
then runs parallel to __ vessels and supplies spermatic cord
Testicular __ due to inadquate fixation of testes to tunica vaginalis
w twisting, poor v__ outflow occurs
see high riding __ and absent __ reflex
Internal __ artery supplies anus, scrotum, penis
Female/male
male
aota
IVC
colic, colon
external iliac
torsion
venous
testicle, cremasteric
pudendal
__ plexus lies in fascia of prostate
branch of h__ nerve of inferior hypogastric plexus
lesser/greater C__ nerves pass to innervate the CC
carries PNS fibers for penile E__
prostatectomy/damage can lead to erectile __
Detrusor is controlled by pelvic __ nerves
Pudendal nerve innervates __ urethral/anal sphincter and sensation to external genitalia
damage leads to __ incont, dec penile __ and EUS paralysis
Cremasteric reflex controlled by G__ nerve
prostatic hypogastric cavernous erection dysfxn
splanchnic
external
fecal, sensation
genitofemorla
