Friday Wk 3 Female Repro 1 Flashcards
Epithelial ovarian cancer presents w ab distension, A__ and pleural effusion, wl and __ mass
possible to have elevated __
RF include __ mutation, infertility/nulliparity, pos __, PCS, endometriosis, __ syndrome, post men hormone therapy
Protective factors are __ pills, Multiparity, breastfeeding and __oophorectomy
Anything that causes __ and repair at ovarian surface inc risk
HPV is linked to C/V/V ca
ascites, ovarian
Ca-125
BRCA, FH, Lynch
OCP, salpingo
trauma
cervical, vaginla, vulvar
female repro tract development involves lateral/vertical fusion and involution of P__ ducts which give rise to FT, uteris, cervix and upper vagina
failed lateral fusion can produce a B_ uterus w indentation at center of fundus
complete lack of fusion can produce uterine didelphys w double __/__
failed involution can lead to __ uterine septum
Dx w H__ and MRI
2 unfused uterine horns w filling defect can be B__ or L__
Complete agensis of paramesonephic duct leads to __ syndroe
lower vagina is __ sinus derived, thus ending in blind pouch w no other structures
Mesonephric duct aka __ does not fuse and forms the _ duct in women
Failed vertical fusion of PM duct and US produces __ vaginal septa
pt has __ pelvic pain and menses retained in uterus
paramesonephric bicornate uterus/cervix longitdunal HSG bicornate, longitudinal uterine septum
MRH
urogenital
wolffian
gartners
transverse
cyclic
__ urinary incont occurs b w straining
in preg, women have in __ volume
rise in GFR w inc renal __ mediated by relaxin
inc urine volume w unchanged __ that can be compressed by fetus
hormones can also relax __ muscles, and w valsalva, pressure exceeds EUS
also caused by urethral H__
Urge incontinence is caused by detrusor __ w sudden urge to urinate
pregnancy can compress __ due to inc joint laxity/posture leading to back pain
uterus can compress __ leading to hydronephrosis and breeding ground for bacteria
stress plasma circ bladder pelvic floor hypermobility
hyperactivity
sciatic nerve
uretra
FSH develops ovarian __
LH responsible for __
both hit peak around day __
Follicular phase, FSH stimulates dominant __ to form in ovary
also releases _ from ovary
as estradiol rises, _ feedback results in LH surge
this causes __ and ovulation
Anovulation can be tx w M__ that mimics FSH
exogenous __ is then given as it is similar LH and induces ovulation
Peak estrogen is just before __ surge
Peak progesterone occurs in __ phase
follicle
ovulation
14
follicle
esrogen
pos
rupture
menotropin
HCG
LH
luteal
for woman w TS to become pregnant, use __ w E/P supplementation to thicken endometrial lining
can occur spontaneously, but has high rate of A__, Down/Turner syndrome
Clomiphene is anti__ allowing for GnRH release by hypothalamus
blocks feedback __
use in woman who are otherwise __
Pulsatile __ is used in hypogonadotrophic, hypogonadism
Ovary is suspended to uterus via __ ovarain ligament
blood comes via __ ligament aka suspensory ligament
rotation around IP ligament results in ovarian __
usually occurs due to ovarian __ w twisting
sudden onset pelvic __
dx w ___
IVF
abortion
estrogen
inhibition
normal
GnRH
uterine infundibulopelvic torsion mass pain US
Tamoxifen is antag of __ in breast tissue
agonist in __ tissue, leading to hyperplasia/cancer
both R/T have __ effect on lipid profile
PCOS dx w 2 of 3: hyper_, irregular periods, or __ ovaries on ultrasound
excess androgens prevent formation of dominant __ w anovultion
also, no P__ allows constant stimulation of uterus, leading to hyerplasia/cancer risk
FSH stimulates G__ cells to release estrogen
after ovulation,
just before ovulation, primary follicle becomes __ and then released
granulosa/theca cells L__ to form corpus luteum
releases P__ which converts endometrium to S__ to become implantable
ER
uterine
favorable
androgens, polycycstic
follicle
progesterone
granulosa secondary lutenized progesterone secretory
in PCOS, LH levels are __
pt has O__ w insulin resistance
use __ pills in pt who does not want to be pregnant
minimize endometrial __ and reduces androgen sx
use C__ as estrogen receptor modulator for those who do want to become pregnant
allows release of / and ovulation
M__ is genetically different cell lines in the body
can be S__ affecting cells of the body
disease will __ in pt
or G__ which is passed to offspring
usually limited to __ and does not manifest
TS more likely caused by loss of paternal __
high obesity OCP hyperplasia Clomiphene LH/FSH
mosaicism somatic manifest germline germline
chromosone X
posterior neck mass is cystic __
bilateral extremity swelling is L_
along w dec femoral pulses due to __, pt must have T__
Pt w __ syndrome T18 has cardiac defects, clenched fists, rocker bottom feet, omphalocele and low set ears
due to meiotic N__
pt w C__ has deletion in chromo5p
round face, __ like cry and microcephaly
__ cells are vaginal, squamous epithelial cells covered w Gardnerella
no vaginal __
hygroma
lymphedema
coarctation
Turners
Edward
nondisjunction
cri du chat
cat like
clue cells
inflammaton
following menarche, most women have __ HPA axis
may have menstrual irregs due to presence of __ cycles
w out ovulation, no P__ is released
thus, E remains high w constant __ of uterus
endometrium can be __ w heavy bleeding
Drop in E/P causes endometrium to __
inc FSH is seen in postmen women or __ ovarian failure
Metro produces sx like D__ w alcohol intake
Disulfiram inhibits A__ dehydro, resulting in HA, cramps, flushing, NV
immature anovulatory progesterone stimulation broken down
slough
premature
disulfiram
acetaldehyde
nipple discharge is patho if it is B__ or unilateral
usually due to I__ papilloma
no breast mass/__ changes
caused by proliferating __ cells in duct/cyst wall w fibrovascular core
twisting of vascular __ in duct results in bleeding
Paget dz of breast has D__ spread of malignant cells to nipple surface
__ changes of breast show diffuse, small C__
__ necrosis of breast caused by local tramua
see irregular breast __ w/out discharge
may have h__
F__ is small, mobile breast mass w proliferation of duct/stroma compressing ducts
bloody intraductal skin papilary stalk
ductal
fibrocystic cysts fat mass hemorrhage
fibroadenoma
streak ovaries in TS are A__ due to lack of estrogen
replaced w F__ tissue
female w ab pain, bloody vaginal discharge, ortho hypoTN, w pos preg test has __ pregnancy
primary RF is Tubal __ due to previous infection w Gon/Chlam via __
surgery/S__ are other RF
best test to diagnose Trichomonas is __ micro
must tx pt and __
Cervical cytology is __ smear for cervical cnacer
AMH causes involution of __ ducts in men
Wolfian duct then forms E/V/S
Wolffian duct passively __ due to lack of hormones in women
atrophied
fibrotic
ectopic
scarring
PID
sterilization
saline
partner
Pap
paramesonehric
epidydimis, vas deferens, seminal vessicles
regress
pt w MRKH has variable __ development w no upper vagina (Ie short vagina)
pt has primary A__
ovaries are normal, secreting E leading to regular __
most will have __ abnormalities as well (ie agensis)
K__ syndrome presents w hypogonadotorpic hypogonad
in females, primary __ w no SSC is present
AIS pt is __ who appears __ due to AR defect
no axillary/pubic hair and __ testis
postherpetic neuralgia is comp of __
uterus
amenorrhea
SSC
renal
kallman
amenorrhea
male, female
cryptorchid
zoster
obese women, those w multiple vaginal deliveries, pelvic surgery at risk of __ injury
includes __ ani muscles Iliococcygeus, pubococcygeus, puborectalis
normally hold bladder/urethra in __ position
injury leads to H__ w prolapse
pt presetns w __ UI
tx w inc daily F__ and Kegels
Vaginal adenosis is vaginal squamous epithelium replaced w glandular __ epi
occurs w __ exposure
predisposes to clear cell ___ of vagina
Menopause occurs w high __
pts have hypo__ sx like hot flashes/vaginal dryness
pelvic floor levator normal hypermobility stress fiber
columnar
DES
adenoca
FSH
E
invasive breast carcinoma presents as irregularly shaped upper outer breast __
skin dimples w involvement of S__ ligament aka coopers
infiltration causes fibrosis, shortening w __ on skin
Lactiferous sinuses are reservoirs of __
malignant spread leads to __
enocervical infection can present w discharge or postcoital __
signs of ovulation include loss of dominant __, inc urine LH, rise in serum P_ and BB__
high grade CIN has invaded beyond lower 1/3 of cervical epithelium to __ surface
high risk for prog to __
low grade CIN is maintained in lower __ of cervical epithelium
mass
supensory
traction
milk
discharge
follicle, progesterone, temp
epithelial
1/3
imperforate __ is obs w incomplete degen of central portion of fibrous tissue in vagina
vaginal sec stimulated by maternal estrogen can lead to M__ w mucus build up
at menarche, pt has primary __ and cyclic ab pain due to Hematocolpos
SSC are __
pt has vaginal __ and problems w defecation
common site of endometriosis is pouch of D_
painful __/__ and palpable nodule on exam
pt w fever, ab pain, uterine tenderness, foul discharge post surgical abortion has __
uterus may be b__ or tender
pelvic US shows retained products, w inc __ and echogenic material
retained products of _ act as nidus for Staph __ and E_
proliferate in __ tissue, and can spread to blood
tx w __ and srugical evac
hymen mucocolpos amenorrhea normal bulge
douglas
pooping/intercourse
septic abortion boggy vascularity aureus, e coli placental antibiotics
