IRRELEVANT

Question 1

What happens in mitosis?

Answer 1

starts with a diploid cell- chromosomes are in pairs
= ends with 2 geneitcally identical daughter cells, diploid cells

Question 2

What are the reasons for mitosis?

Answer 2

= growth + development
= repair
= asexual reproduction

Question 3

What are the 2 main phases of the cell cycle?

Answer 3

= INTERPHASE
= M (mitotic) phase

Question 4

What happens STILL in interphase?

Answer 4

= cell is carrying out the function of that particular cell type

Question 5

What is the 1st stage the interphase is divided into and what happens?

Answer 5

= G1 phase
= cell repliclates it’s organelles (requires great deal of proteins(
= high level of transcription and translation takes place
= size of cell increases- makes sure daughter cells are the correct size

Question 6

What is the 2nd stage the interphase is divided into and what happens?

Answer 6

= S (Synthesis Stage)
= all the chrosomes are replicated
= cell needs to synhtesis are great deal of DNA
=

Question 7

What is the 3rd stage the interphase is divided into and what happens?

Answer 7

= cell replaces the energy stores used during the S phase
= cell continues to carry out transcription and translation
= damaged chrosomes are repaired
= cell continues to grow

Question 8

What can the m phase be divided into?

Answer 8

= 2 parts
= Mitosis- chrosomes are seperated into 2 nuclei
= Cytokensis- cell divides into 2

Question 9

What is the G 0 phase?

Answer 9

= when cells exist the cell cycle

Question 10

What are 3 reasons cells can enter the G0 phase?

Answer 10

= fully difentriated cells enter g0 and stay there for rest of their lives
= Dna in cells can be damaged- cell will no longer be able to divide (senescant cells)-stay permanently
= some enter it temporarily- can be triggered to re-enter the cell cycle during an infection

Question 11

How is the cell cycle tightly regulated?

Answer 11

= at key points the cell checks that the cell cycle should continue- CHECKPOINTS
= if a cell fails a checkpoint it will leave the cell cycle and anter g0

Question 12

How many checkpoints are there and where?

Answer 12

= 3

Question 13

What is the first checkpoint?

Answer 13

= cell must pass through g1 checkpoint
= cell checks if it has grown to the correct size
= checks for DNA damage
= if satisfied it passes into S phase

Question 14

What is the second checkpoint?

Answer 14

= end of G2
= cell checks for DNA damage
= cell has grown to the correct size
= if satisfied it passes into m phase

Question 15

What is the final checkpoint?

Answer 15

= metaphase checkpoint (spindle)
= checks that the chromosomes are assembled properly on the mitotic spindle
= cell completes mitosis and proceeds through cytokenesis