Enzymes: Structure + factors

Question 1

What do enzymes do?

Answer 1

= increases the rate of reactions- faster
= not used up
=

Question 2

How do enzymes do their role?

Answer 2

= attaches itself to the substrate
= forms a enzyme-substrate complex
= and breaks down substrate into products

Question 3

What TYPE of protein are enzymes?

Answer 3

= MOST
= globular

Question 4

What is the structure of an enzme molecule?

Answer 4

SURFACE: groove (active site made when the polypeptide chain folds)
=teritary structure of an active site is complementary to the structure of a substrate
= SPECIFIC

Question 5

What happens to the structure once the substrate binds?

Answer 5

= amino acids on the surface of the active site can form temporary bonds with the substrate
= enzyme catalyses reaction- forms enzyme product complex
= products are released from the active site

Question 6

What is the activation energy?

Answer 6

= minimum amount of energy required for a sucessful chemical reaction to take place.

Question 7

At the presence of an enzyme what happens to the activation energy?

Answer 7

= decreases
= enzymes provide an alternative route with a lower activation energy so more more substrate molecules have enough energy to react

Question 8

How does temperature affect enzems?

Answer 8

= if temperature is too low: not enough kinetic energy for sucessful collisions between enzme and actvive site

= if temperature is too high:
= enzymes denature, changes the teritary structure of the active site- no longer supplementary to the substratev no enzyme-substrate complex

Question 9

How does PH affect enzymes?

Answer 9

= too high or to low ph
= interfere with charges on ammini acids in active site
= break bonds holding the teritary structure so actuev site chanegs
= enzmes have an optimum temperature andph
=