insect gas exchange

Question 1

What is a key feature of terrrestrial insects?

Answer 1

= exoskeleton
= made of fibrous material for protection- and lipid layer for prevention of water loss

Question 2

What do insects have for a gas exchange?

Answer 2

= do not have lungs
= has a tracheal system

Question 3

How do insects limit water loss?

Answer 3

= water evaporates off the surface of terrestial surfaces

Question 4

How are insects adapted to limit water loss?

Answer 4

= insects have a small surface area to volume ration, where water can evaporate from
= insects have a water proof exoskeleton- lipid layer
= spiracles- tiny gaps, where gases can enter and exit, and water evaporate from, can open and close to reduce water loss

Question 5

What does the tracheal system involve?

Answer 5

= trachea
= tracheoles
= spiracles

Question 6

What are spiracles?

Answer 6

= round, can open and shut
= run length of abdomal
=oxygen and co2 enter and leave by spiracles
= trachea attach to these by the opening

Question 7

What are the trachea?

Answer 7

= network of internal tubes
= trachea tubes have rings, strengthen and collapsing

Question 8

What are the tracheoles?

Answer 8

= trachea branch into smaller tubes, tracheoles
= deeper in abdomen of the insect
= extend throughout all the tissues, in the insect to deliver oxygen to all respiring cells

Question 9

What is the first method of moving gasses into the tracheal system?

Answer 9

= gas can exchange by simple diffusion
= when cells respire they use up oxygen and produce carbon dioxide creating a concentration gradient from the tracheoles to the atmosphere- small distance bewteen tracheoles and outisde is small
=

Question 10

What is the second method of moving gasses into the tracheal system?

Answer 10

= mass transport
= abdominal muscle in insects contract and relax
= pumps and move gasses in and out the insect

Question 11

What is the third method of moving gasses into the tracheal system?

Answer 11

= when the insect is flyoing, the muscles are respiring aerobically but then anarerobically, runs out of oxygen produces lactate
= lowers the water potential of the cells, causes water to move from tracheols into the cells by osmosis, decreases the volume of the tracheoles lower pressure, forces air in from the atmosphere

Question 12

What are the adapatations of diffusion?

Answer 12

= large number of fine tracheoles- large surface area
= walls of tracheoles are thin and short distance between spiracles and tracheoles- short diffusion pathway
= use of oxygen and production of co2 sets up a steep concentration gradint

Question 13

What gives a large surface area?

Answer 13

• significant number of tracheoles

Question 14

What provides a short diffusion pathway?

Answer 14

= walls of tracheoles are thin, short distance between spiracles and tracheoles

Question 15

What sets up a steep concentration gradient?

Answer 15

= uses of oxygen and production of co2