Biological Molecules: Triglycerides

Question 1

What is the first function of lipids?

Answer 1

= energy source + store energy
= E.g: butter and oil.
= e.g: adipose tissue in humans under skin- reduces heat lost to the environment (insulation) + found in internal organs to protect organs

Question 2

What is the second function of lipids?

Answer 2

= used for water proofing.
= e.g: oils that coat organisms.

Question 3

What is the third function of lipids?

Answer 3

= major part in structure of membranes
= e.g: mitochondria
=

Question 4

What are the 2 categories of lipids?

Answer 4

= Triglycerides
= Phospholipid.

Question 5

What is the structure of triglycerides?

Answer 5

= contains a molecule of glyceroel.
= bonded to 3 fatty acids.

Question 6

What is the structure of fatty acids?

Answer 6

= end carboxylic group
= long chain of carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen.

Question 7

What is a saturated fatty acid?

Answer 7

= Single covalent bonds between the carbon atoms.

Question 8

What is an unsaturated fatty acid?

Answer 8

= at least 2 double covalent bond between carbon atoms.

Question 9

What is an Monounsaturated fatty acid and polyunsturated>

Answer 9

= 1 covalent bond only.
= two covalent bond.

Question 10

What does a glyceroel molecule contain?

Answer 10

= 3 hydroxyl groups

Question 11

What bond does fatty acids and glyceroel make and what is the process called?

Answer 11

= ester bond
= Esterification (condensation).
= forms 3 water molecules.

Question 12

What do Lipase enzymes do?

Answer 12

= break the ester bonds releasing glyceroel and and fatty acid
= hydrolosis.

Question 13

What is the first property of triglycerides?

Answer 13

= non-polar molecules
= insoulable in water
= used for water proofing.

Question 14

What is the second property of triglycerides?

Answer 14

= as they have large amouns of hydrogen and carbon atoms- great deal of energy can be released.