Cell Structure: The Structure of Eukaryotic Cells _ prokayrotic cells

Question 1

What is the properties of an Eukaryotic cell not in a Prokaryotic cell?

Answer 1

= major organelles are contained in a cell membrane
= has a ‘proper’ nucleus
= Usually have mitochondria, golgi apparatus ect…
= surface membrane where the cell is contained.

Question 2

In Eukaryotic cells where is the DNA located in the nucleus and what does this form?

Answer 2

= tightly wrapped around the protein Histone.
= DNA + histone protein forms chrosomes.
= tightly packed= great amount.v

Question 3

What kind of molecule is DNA in a Eukaryotic cell?

Answer 3

= linear molecule
= ends of the DNA molecule in a chrosome are not joined together to form a loop.

Question 4

What is the endoplasmatic reticulum?

Answer 4

= sheets of flattened membranes- cisternae
= rough: ribosomes on the surface cell- protein synthesis for proteins secreted from the cell
membrane
= smooth: no ribosomes
=

Question 5

What are the golgi apparatus?

Answer 5

= has veciles and lysosmes that fuses with the protein, secretes from the cell, forms part of the cell, functions in the cytoplasm or oganisms
= genetically modify proteins- glycoproteins
= produces enzymes
= secrete carbohydrates
= stores/modify transport lipods
= labelled with their destinations]
=

Question 6

What are lysosomes?

Answer 6

= bags of digestive ezynes
= digests worn out organelles for reuse of materials
= hydrolyse

Question 7

What is the cell wall?

Answer 7

= plants: made of microgillbrils, clellose gives

fungi: made of chitin,nitrogen and polysacrharidwe,
= provides syrength and support

Question 8

What are the key differences between these cells?

Answer 8

= cells are smaller
= no membrane bound organelles
= smaller ribosomes
= no nucleus
= cell wall made from murien

contains:
= plasmids
= capsule around cell
= flagella

Question 9

What is the difference between the ribossomes?

Answer 9

proayrotic: 70s

eukayrotuco larger ribosomes 80s

Question 10

What is the difference between the nuceus?

Answer 10

P: no nucleus, single circular ring of DNA

Question 11

What is the difference between the cell wall?

Answer 11

P: contaisn miruen, glycoprtein

E:
plants: cellulose
fungi: chitin

Question 12

What is the capsule?

Answer 12

= slimy layer made of protein
= maintains moisture

Question 13

What is a flagella?

Answer 13

= rotates to enable bacteria movement

Question 14

What are pili?

Answer 14

= hair like structures that can bind to other bacteria

Question 15

What are viruses?

Answer 15

= non living
= consist of nuclieic acids
= enclosed in a protective protein coat: capsid
= sometimes has a envleope- lipid layer

Question 16

Bacteria vs viruses interms of structures?

Answer 16

bacteria vs virus structure
= prokaryotic
= genetic information as a loop of DNA
virus:
= consist of just nucleic acid enclosed in protein coat- genetic information is mrna or rna
= viruses are smaller
= viruses do not have capsules, flaggelum, pili, ribisomes, cell wall, cytosopkas

Question 17

Bacteria vs viruses host requirements?

Answer 17

= bacteria does not require a host- to live
= viruses are reliant on hosts to survive
= v