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KaBoom > Urinary System - Part 6 > Flashcards

Urinary System - Part 6 Flashcards

1
Q

What is found in over 50% of patients over the age of 55?

A

Simple cysts

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2
Q

What are the clinical findings of a simple cyst?

A

Asymptomatic

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3
Q

What is the US appearance for a simple cyst? (4)

A
  1. Anechoic mass
  2. Hyper echoic thin walls
  3. Smooth margins
  4. Posterior acoustic
    enhancement
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4
Q

What are 2 differential diagnosis for a simple cyst?

A
  1. Liver cyst

2. Adrenal cyst

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5
Q

Where does a parapelvic cyst originate from?

A

Renal parenchyma

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6
Q

What are the clinical findings for a parapelvic cyst? (3)

A
  1. Asymptomatic
  2. Hypertension
  3. Hematuria
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7
Q

What is the US appearance for a parapelvic cyst? (4)

A
  1. Anechoic mass located in the renal hilum
  2. Hyper echoic thin walls
  3. Smooth margins
  4. Posterior acoustic
    enhancement
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8
Q

What are 4 differential diagnosis for a parapelvic cyst?

A
  1. Hydronephrosis
  2. Renal vein
  3. Extrarenal pelvis
  4. Renal artery aneurysm
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9
Q

Does a parapelvic cyst communicate with the collecting system?

A

No

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10
Q

Where does a peripelvic cyst develop from? (2)

A
  1. Lymphatic system

2. An obstruction

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11
Q

What are the clinical findings of a peripelvic cyst?

A

Asymptomatic

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12
Q

What is the US appearance of a peripelvic cyst? (4)

A
  1. Anechoic mass located near or around the renal pelvis
  2. Hyper echoic thin walls
  3. Smooth margins
  4. Posterior acoustic
    enhancement
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13
Q

What are 2 differential diagnosis for a peripelvic cyst?

A
  1. Prominent renal pyramid

2. Localized hydronephrosis

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14
Q

Where is adult polycystic kidney disease caused from?

A

Inherited disorder

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15
Q

Adult polycystic kidney disease

A

Normal renal parenchyma is

replaced with cysts

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16
Q

What does adult polycystic kidney disease increase the incidence of? (2)

A
  1. Renal calculi

2. Infection

17
Q

What are the clinical findings of adult polycystic kidney disease? (7)

A
  1. Asymptomatic
  2. Palpable abdominal mass
  3. Hypertension
  4. Hematuria
  5. Colicky pain
  6. Elevated BUN and
    creatinine
  7. Renal failure
18
Q

What is the US appearance for adult polycystic kidney disease? (5)

A
  1. Bilateral disease
  2. Multiple cysts
  3. Irregular margins
  4. Normal renal parenchyma
    may not be visualized 5. Associated cysts in liver, pancreas, and spleen
19
Q

What are 2 differential diagnosis for adult polycystic kidney disease?

A
  1. Multiple simple cysts

2. Hydronephrosis

20
Q

What is the cause of a childhood polycystic kidney disease?

A

Inherited disorder

21
Q

What are the clinical findings for childhood polycystic kidney disease? (5)

A
  1. Palpable abdominal mass
  2. Hypertension
  3. Hematuria
  4. Colicky pain
  5. Renal failure
22
Q

What is the US appearance for childhood polycystic kidney disease? (2)

A
  1. Bilateral disease

2. Hyper echoic enlarged kidneys

23
Q

What are 2 differential diagnosis for childhood polycystic kidney disease?

A
  1. Chronic renal failure

2. Renal sinus lipomatosis

24
Q

Which kidney is more commonly affected with multicystic dysplasia?

A

Left kidney

25
Q

What kind of disorder is multicystic dysplasia?

A

Noninherited disorder

26
Q

What is the cause of multicystic dysplasia?

A

Urinary obstruction in early embryology

27
Q

Is multicystic dysplasia more common in males or females?

A

Males

28
Q

Who is more likely to develop multicystic dysplasia?

A

Infants of diabetic mothers

29
Q

What are the clinical findings for multicystic dysplasia? (4)

A
  1. Asymptomatic
  2. Palpable abdominal mass
  3. Flank pain
  4. Hypertension
30
Q

What is the US appearance for multicystic dysplasia? (4)

A
  1. Unilateral disease
  2. Numerous cysts of variable shape and size
  3. Associated with
    ureteropelvic junction obstruction and malrotation
  4. Normal renal parenchyma may not be visualized
31
Q

What are 2 differential diagnosis for multicystic dysplasia?

A
  1. Multiple simple cysts

2. Hydronephrosis

KaBoom (81 decks)

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