GI Tract - Part 2

Question 1

Where does the colon extend from?

Answer 1

The terminal ileum to the anus

Question 2

What does the colon secrete?

Answer 2

Large quantities of mucus

Question 3

What are the divisions of the colon? (8)

Answer 3

1. Cecum
2. Appendix
3. Ascending colon
4. Transverse colon
5. Descending
   colon
6. Sigmoid
7. Rectum
8. Anus

Question 4

What does the bacteria of the colon produce? (2)

Answer 4

1. Vitamin K

2. Some B-complex vitamins

Question 5

What are the wall layers from the outer layer to the lumen of the colon?

Answer 5

1. Serous
   - outer
2. Muscular or haustra
3. Submucosal
4. Mucosal
   - inner

Question 6

Cecum

Answer 6

Blind pouch of the colon

Question 7

Where is the cecum located?

Answer 7

RLQ directly posterior to the abdominal wall and lateral to the ileum

Question 8

What part of the colon has the largest diameter?

Answer 8

Cecum

Question 9

Appendix

Answer 9

Narrow, blind-end, tubular structure

Question 10

What does the appendix communicate with?

Answer 10

Cecum

Question 11

Where is the appendix located?

Answer 11

RLQ

- can be variable

Question 12

Does peristalsis occur in the appendix?

Answer 12

No

Question 13

What does the appendix contain?

Answer 13

Lymphoid tissue

Question 14

Where does the ascending colon extend?

Answer 14

Superiorly from the cecum

Question 15

Where does the ascending colon curve to?

Answer 15

The left

Question 16

What does the ascending colon help to form?

Answer 16

Hepatic flexure

Question 17

Where does the transverse colon course?

Answer 17

Transversely from the right to the left side of the upper abdomen

Question 18

Where does the transverse colon curve?

Answer 18

Inferiorly

Question 19

What does the transverse colon help to form?

Answer 19

Splenic flexure

Question 20

Where does the descending colon begin?

Answer 20

Inferior to the spleen

Question 21

Where does the descending colon terminate?

Answer 21

Sigmoid

Question 22

Where does the descending colon pass?

Answer 22

Passes inferiorly along the left flank to the iliac crest

Question 23

What is the narrowest portion of the colon?

Answer 23

Sigmoid

Question 24

Where does the sigmoid terminate?

Answer 24

At the rectum

Question 25

What muscle is the sigmoid in contact with?

Answer 25

Psoas muscle

Question 26

Where is the sigmoid located?

Answer 26

In the left iliac fossa

• anterior to the left ureter and left iliac vessels
• superior to the urinary bladder

Question 27

Where is the rectum located?

Answer 27

Between the sigmoid and anus

Question 28

What is the rectum capable of?

Answer 28

Considerable distention

Question 29

Where does the rectum lie in males?

Answer 29

Adjacent to the posterior border of the urinary bladder

Question 30

Where does the rectum lie in females?

Answer 30

Posterior

to the vagina and uterus

Question 31

Where does the rectum terminate?

Answer 31

At the anal sphincter

Question 32

What is the lower portion of the rectum called?

Answer 32

Anal canal

Question 33

Where does the anal canal extend?

Answer 33

Upward and forward, then turns backward following the sacral canal