Abdominal Vasculature - Part 2 Flashcards
What is the 2nd major branch of the abdominal aorta?
SMA
Where does the SMA arise from?
The anterior surface of the aorta, inferior to the celiac axis
What does the SMA branches supply? (6)
- Jejunum
- Ileum
- Cecum
- Ascending colon
- Portions of the
transverse colon - Head of the pancreas
What kind of resistance is in the SMA when fasting?
High-resistance multiphasic blood flow
What kind of resistance is in the SMA after a meal?
Low-resistance elevated systolic and diastolic velocities, with continuous forward flow in diastole
Where does the middle suprarenal arteries arise from?
The lateral aspect of the abdominal aorta
Where does the middle suprarenal arteries course?
Laterally and slightly superior over the crura of the diaphragm to the
adrenal glands
Where does the right renal artery arise from?
The anterior lateral aspect of the abdominal aorta
Where does the left renal artery arise from?
The posterior lateral aspect of the abdominal aorta
Where does the main renal arteries course?
Posterior to the renal veins
What does the renal artery bifurcate into?
Segmental arteries at the renal hilum
What kind of resistance occurs in the main renal arteries?
Low-resistance blood flow
- with continuous forward flow in diastole
How common is it to have duplicated main renal arteries?
33%
Where do the gonadal arteries arise from?
From the anterior aspect of the abdominal aorta inferior to the renal arteries
Where do the gonadal arteries course?
Parallel to the psoas muscle into the pelvis
What is the resistance in the gonadal arteries?
Low-resistance blood flow
- with continuous flow through diastole
Can you see the gonadal arteries on US?
No
What is the last major branch of the abdominal aorta?
IMA
Where does the IMA arise from?
From the anterior aorta
Where does the IMA course?
Inferior and to the left of midline
What does the IMA supply? (4)
- Left transverse colon
- Descending colon
- Upper rectum
- Sigmoid
What is a source of collateral flow for the lower extremities?
IMA
What kind of resistance is seen in the IMA?
Low-resistance blood flow
- with continuous flow through diastole
What are the main parietal branches of the abdominal aorta? (3)
- Inferior phrenic artery
- Lumbar arteries
- Median sacal artery
Where does the inferior phrenic artery arise from?
From the anterior aspect of the abdominal aorta branching in to the right and left inferior phrenic arteries just below the diaphragm near the level of the 12th thoracic vertebrae
What does the inferior phrenic artery supply?
The inferior portion of the diaphragm
What does the inferior phrenic artery give rise to?
The superior suprarenal artery
How many lumbar arteries are there?
8
- 4 on each side of the abdominal aorta
What do the lumbar arteries supply? (2)
- The abdominal wall
2. Spinal cord
Where are the lumbar arteries located compared to the gonadal arteries and the IMA?
Inferior to the gonadal arteries
Superior to the IMA
Where is the median sacral artery located compared to the IMA and aortic bifurcation?
Inferior to the IMA
Superior to the aortic bifurcation
What is the medial sacral artery collateral flow for?
The lower extremities
