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KaBoom > Neck - Part 3 > Flashcards

Neck - Part 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What supplies blood to the thyroid? (2)

A

Superior and inferior thyroid arteries

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2
Q

Where does the superior thyroid artery rise from?

A

The ECA

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3
Q

Where does the inferior thyroid artery arise from?

A

The thyrocervical artery

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4
Q

Where does the superior and middle thyroid veins drain into?

A

IJV

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5
Q

Where does the inferior thyroid vein drain into?

A

Innominate vein

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6
Q

Where is the thyroid lobe located compared to the CCA and IJV? (2)

A

Medial and anterior

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7
Q

Where is the thyroid lobe located compared to the sternocleidomastoid and strap muscles? (2)

A

Posterior and medial

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8
Q

Where is the thyroid lobe located compared to the longus colli muscles?

A

Anterior to it

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9
Q

Where is the thyroid lobe located compared to the trachea and esophagus?

A

Anterolateral

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10
Q

Where is the thyroid lobe located compared to the thyroid cartilage of the larynx?

A

Inferior

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11
Q

Where is the thyroid isthmus located compared to the trachea?

A

Anterior

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12
Q

Where is the thyroid isthmus located compared to the CCA and IJV? (2)

A

Medial and anterior

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13
Q

Where are the parathyroid glands located compared to the thyroid glands?

A

Posterior

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14
Q

Where are the parathyroid glands located compared to the longus colli muscles?

A

Anterior

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15
Q

What are 3 congenital anomalies of the thryoid?

A
  1. Pyramidal lobe
  2. Absent isthmus
  3. Ectopic parathyroid gland location
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16
Q

Pyramidal lobe

A

Third lobe arising from the superior portion of the isthmus

17
Q

Where does the 3rd lobe of the pyramidal lobe ascend to?

A

To the level of the hyoid bone

18
Q

Absent isthmus

A

Thyroid consists of 2 distinct lobes

19
Q

Where can the ectopic parathyroid gland be found near? (2)

A
  1. The carotid bifurcation

2. Posterior to the carotid artery

20
Q

What is the normal height for the isthmus?

A

0.2-0.6cm

21
Q

What are the normal measurements for an adult thyroid gland? (L, H, W)

A 
Length = 4-6cm
Height = 2cm
Width = 2cm
22
Q

What are the normal measurements for a pediactric thyroid gland? (L, H, W)

A 
Length = 2-3cm
Height = 0.2-1.2cm
Width = 1-1.5cm
23
Q

What are the normal measurements for parathyroid glands? (L, H, W)

A 
Length = 6mm
Height = 2mm
Width = 4mm
24
Q

What is the US appearance for the thyroid lobes and isthmus?

A

Homogeneous solid structures demonstrating a medium-gray echo pattern

25
Q

What is the US appearance for the sternocleidomastoid and strap muscles when compared to the thyroid gland?

A

Hypo echoic

26
Q

What is the US appearance for the longus collis muscles compared to the thyroid?

A

Hyper echoic

27
Q

What is the US appearance of the parathyroid glands

A
  1. Flat
  2. Bean-shaped
  3. Hypo echoic structures
28
Q

What is the US appearance of the CCA and IJV?

A

Anechoic tubular structures demonstrating internal vascular flow

29
Q

What are indications for a thyroid exam? (7)

A
  1. Palpable neck mass
  2. Abnormal thyroid function tests
  3. Dysphagia
  4. Dyspnea
  5. Fatigue
  6. Serial evaluation of thyroid nodule(s)
  7. Evaluate mass from a previous medical imaging study
    - CT
30
Q

TSH

A

Thyroid stimulating hormone

31
Q

What is the normal range of thyrotropin?

A

3-42ng/mL

32
Q

What does thyrotropin do?

A

Regulates thyroid hormone secretion and production

33
Q

What is the secretion of TSH controlled by?

A

Anterior pituitary gland

34
Q

What is prolonged elevation of thyrotropin associated? (2)

A
  1. Hyperplasia

2. Thyroid enlargement

35
Q

What is a decrease in thyrotropin the first indication of?

A

Thyroid gland failure

KaBoom (81 decks)

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