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KaBoom > Liver - Part 5 > Flashcards

Liver - Part 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Schistosomiasis

A

Parasite entering the skin or mucosa and traveling to the lung and then liver
- can take a while to see symptoms sometimes

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2
Q

What are the clinical findings for schistosomiasis? (5)

A
  1. Rash
  2. Fever
  3. Diarrhea
  4. Lymphadenopathy
  5. RUQ pain
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3
Q

What is the US appearance for schistosomiasis? (6)

A
  1. Increase in echogenicity of the portal walls
  2. Thick portal wall margins
  3. Atrophy of the right lobe
  4. Hypertrophy of the left lobe
  5. Thickening of the GB wall
  6. Portosystemic collaterals
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4
Q

What is the cause for an adenoma?

A

Long history of use of oral contraceptives

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5
Q

What is an adenoma associated with?

A

Type 1 glycogen storage disease

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6
Q

What are the clinical findings of an adenoma? (3)

A
  1. Asymptomatic
  2. Normal labs
  3. RUQ pain
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7
Q

What is the US appearance for an adenoma? (3)

A
  1. Solid slightly hypo echoic mass
  2. Hypo echoic halo
  3. Complex mass is demonstrated with hemorrhage or necrosis
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8
Q

Cavernous hemangioma

A

Benign congenital neoplasm consisting of large blood-filled cystic spaces
- most common benign liver mass

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9
Q

Who is cavernous hemangioma more common in?

A

Females

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10
Q

What are the clinical features of cavernous hemangioma? (2)

A
  1. Asymptomatic

2. RUQ pain

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11
Q

What is the US appearance of cavernous hemangioma? (5)

A
  1. Homogeneous
  2. Hyper echoic mass
  3. Well-defined wall margins
  4. Round shape
  5. Complex echo pattern from hemorrhage or necrosis
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12
Q

What are the 2 most common causes of cirrhosis?

A
  1. Alcoholism

2. Chronic hepatitis C

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13
Q

What are the clinical features of cirrhosis? (7)

A
  1. Weakness and fatigue
  2. Weight loss
  3. Abdominal pain
  4. Ascites (hard to breath)
  5. Elevated AST, ALT and bilirubin
  6. Skin changes and hair loss
  7. Non-obstructive jaundice
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14
Q

What is the US appearance of cirrhosis? (7)

A
  1. Diffuse increase in parenchymal echogenicity
  2. Irregular nodular contour
  3. Inability to distinguish portal vein wall margins
  4. Increased attenuation
  5. Enlargement of the caudate lobe
  6. Splenomegaly
  7. Ascites
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15
Q

What are the causes of fatty infiltration? (8)

A
  1. Obesity
  2. Diabetes
  3. Cirrhosis
  4. Hepatitis
  5. Alcohol abuse
  6. Hyperlipidemia
  7. Metabolic disorder
  8. Ulcerative colitis
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16
Q

What are the clinical features of fatty infiltration? (3)

A
  1. Asymptomatic
  2. Elevated LFTs
  3. Hepatomegaly
17
Q

What is the US appearance of fatty infiltration? (3)

A
  1. Diffuse increase in parenchymal echogenicity
  2. Normal vessel wall margins
  3. Normal liver parenchyma appears as a hypoechoic mass adjacent to the IVC or anterior to the porta hepatis
18
Q

Focal nodular hyperplasia

A

Hormone influence congenital vascular malformation

19
Q

What is the second most common benign liver mass?

A

Focal nodular hyperplasia

20
Q

What are the clinical findings of FNH?

A

Asymptomatic

21
Q

What is the US appearance of FNH? (4)

A
  1. Hyperechoic or isoechoic liver mass
  2. Well-defined wall margins
  3. Hypoechoic central stellate scar
  4. Peripheral and central blood flow
22
Q

Where is FNH commonly located?

A

In the right lobe

KaBoom (81 decks)

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