Spleen - Part 3 Flashcards
What is the most common benign splenic neoplam?
Cavernous hemangioma
What are the clinical findings for cavernous hemangioma? (2)
- Asymptomatic
2. LUQ pain
What is the US appearance for cavernous hemangioma? (2)
- Well-defined hyper echoic splenic mass
2. Homogeneous or complex echo texture
What are 3 differential diagnosis for cavernous hemangioma?
- Splenic infarction
- Hemangiosarcoma
- Metastases
Cavernous lymphangioma
Malformation of the lymph system
What is a clinical finding of cavernous lymphangioma?
Asymptomatic
What is the US appearance of cavernous lymphangioma?
Hypo echoic solid splenic mass
What are 2 differential diagnosis of cavernous lymphangioma?
- Abscess
2. Hematoma
What is a clinical finding of a cyst?
Asymptomatic
What is the US appearance of a cyst? (4)
- Well-defined anechoic mass
- Smooth wall margins
- Posterior acoustic
enhancement - May demonstrate
septations or debris
What are 3 differential diagnosis of a cyst?
- Hematoma
- Abscess
- Cystic lymphangiomyomatosis
What causes cystic lymphangiomyomatosis?
Proliferation of the smooth muscle cells in the lymph node
What are the clinical findings for cystic lymphangiomyomatosis? (2)
- Asymptomatic
2. Abdominal mass
What is the US appearance for cystic lymphangiomyomatosis?
Diffuse or focal multiloculated cystic mass
What is a differential diagnosis for cystic lymphangiomyomatosis?
Splenic cyst
What is hamartoma composed of?
Lymphatic
tissue
What is a clinical finding for hamartoma?
Asymptomatic
What is the US appearance for hamartoma? (3)
- Hyper echoic parenchymal mass
- Well-defined borders
- Solitary or multiple in number
What are 3 differential diagnosis for hamartoma?
- Cavernous hemangioma
- Metastases
- Hemangiosarcoma
What are the risk factors for a splenic artery aneurysm? (5)
- Atherosclerosis
- Portal hypertension 3. Infection
- Trauma
- Female prevalence
What causes a splenic artery aneurysm?
Localized dilatation of the splenic artery
What are the clinical findings for splenic artery aneurysm? (4)
- Asymptomatic
- LUQ pain
- Nausea/vomiting
- Shoulder pain
What us the US appearance for splenic artery aneurysm?
Anechoic dilatation of the splenic artery
What are 2 differential diagnosis for splenic artery aneurysm?
- Tortuous artery
2. Splenic vein
Is a splenic artery aneurysm more common in males or females?
Females
What can cause splenic candidiasis?
Multiple splenic infections
What is splenic candidiasis assocaited with?
With patients
with autoimmune disorders
What are the clinical features for splenic candidiasis? (2)
- Fever
2. Splenomegaly
What is the US appearance for splenic candidiasis?
Target lesion or “wheel within a wheel” appearance
What is a differential diagnosis for splenic candidiasis?
Metastases
What can cause a splenic infarction?
Emboli from the heart
What is splenic infarction associated with? (5)
1. Subacute bacterial endocarditis 2. Leukemia 3. Sickle cell anemia 4. Metastasis 5. Pancreatitis
What are the clinical findings for splenic infarction? (2)
- Usually asymptomatic
2. LUQ pain
What is the US appearance for splenic infarction in acute stages? (2)
- Hypo echoic mass 2. Well-defined margins
What is the US appearance for splenic infarction in chronic stages? (3)
- Hyper echoic mass 2. Well-defined
margins - Splenic atrophy
What are 2 differential diagnosis for splenic infarction?
- Hematoma
2. Cavernous hemangioma