Retroperitoneum - Part 6 Flashcards
Myxoma
A neoplasm consisting of connective tissue
Where is myxoma located?
Subcutaneous, retroperitoneal, cardiac, and urinary in location
What is the US appearance of myxoma?
- Complex or echogenic mass
2. Lobulated or smooth wall margins
What are 5 differential diagnosis of myxoma?
- Fibroma
- Lipoma
- Mesothelioma
- Lymphadenopathy
- Horseshoe kidney
Teratoma
A neoplasm composed of different types of tissues that do not occur together or at the site of the tumour
What is the US appearance of a teratoma?
Complex mass
What are 3 differential diagnosis for a teratoma?
- Leiomyosarcoma
- Abscess
- Myxoma
Fibrosarcoma
A sarcoma containing fibrous connective tissues
What is the US appearance of a fibrosarcoma? (2)
- Hypo echoic or complex mass
2. May infiltrate surrounding structures
What are 4 differential diagnosis of a fibrosarcoma?
- Lymphadenopathy
- Retroperitoneal fibrosis
- Retroperitoneal hemorrhage
- Horseshoe kidney
Leiomyosarcoma
A sarcoma containing large spindle cells of smooth muscle
What is the US appearance of leiomyosarcoma? (2)
- Echogenic or complex mass
- Cystic areas of necrosis may be
demonstrated
What are 3 differential diagnosis of a leiomyosarcoma?
- Teratoma
2. Rhabdomyosarcoma 3. Retroperitoneal abscess
Liposarcoma
A malignant growth of fat cells
What is the most common retroperitoneal neoplasm?
Liposarcoma
What is the US appearance of a liposarcoma? (3)
- Hyper echoic mass
- Thick wall margins
- May infiltrate surrounding tissues
What are 4 differential diagnosis of a liposarcoma?
- Lipoma
- Fibroma
- Rhabdomyosarcoma
- Mesothelioma
Rhabdomyosarcoma
A highly malignant tumour derived from striated muscle
What is the US appearance of a rhabdomyosarcoma? (2)
- Hyper echoic
2. Complex mass
What are 4 differential diagnosis of a rhabdomyosarcoma?
- Teratoma
- Liposarcoma
- Fibrosarcoma
- Leiomyosarcoma
Which of the hormones modifies the body’s response to inflammation?
Glucocorticoids
A malignant neoplasm derived from striated muscle describes a?
Rhabdomyosarcoma
What is bilateral adrenal hyperplasia associated with?
Cushing disease
What is the most common neoplasm to develop in the retroperitoneum?
Liposarcoma
An enlarged irregular lymph node demonstrating a round appearance is most consistent with an underlying, what?
Infection
Benign adrenal pathology associated with hypertension, tachycardia, and palpitations is most consistent with which of the following pathologies?
Pheochromocytoma
Where are visceral lymph nodes?
In the peritoneum
Which conditions is a predisposing factor for development of an adrenal adenoma?
Diabetes mellitus
What is an adrenal cyst considered?
Rare finding
A condition caused by complete or partial failure of the adrenocortical function describes?
Addison disease
Which abnormality is the most likely complication of retroperitoneal fibrosis?
Hydronephrosis
What is an abnormal growth of epithelial cells is demonstrated in?
Mesothelioma
What component is a major factor in determining blood volume?
Sodium
What hormone is produced by the pituitary gland?
ACTH
