Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

KaBoom > GI Tract - Part 3 > Flashcards

GI Tract - Part 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What should the stomach not exceed in thickness when distended?

A

5mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What should normal bowel not exceed in thickness?

A

4mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What should a normal appendix not exceed in wall thickness and in diameter?

A

Wall thickness = 2mm

Diamater = 6mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What normally happens to the small intestines from the pylorus to the ileocecal valve?

A

It decreases in size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the US appearance of the wall of the GI tract?

A

Alternating hyper echoic and hypo echoic circular echo patterns
- mucosal layer appears hyper echoic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does the gastroesophageal junction look like on US?

A

Target structure lying posterior to the liver and slightly to the left of midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the US appearance of the stomach when empty?

A

Target structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the US appearance of the stomach when distended with fluid?

A

Anechoic structure with swirling hyper echoic echoes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are small intestines usually filled with?

A

Gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the small folds in the wall of the jejunum and ileum termed as?

A

Keyboard sign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How are the ascending and transverse colon identified by?

A

Haustral wall markings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does the descedning colon appear as on US?

A

A tubular structure with echogenic wall margins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where should peristalsis be observed? (3)

A
  1. Stomach
  2. Small intestines
  3. Large intestines
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How is the rectum best evaluated?

A

With an endorectal transducer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is impossible to perceive in the normal bowel wall?

A

Vascularity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is helping when evaluating for a pyloric stenosis in the stomach?

A

Fluid

17
Q

What are indications for a GI tract exam? (8)

A
  1. Abdominal or RLQ pain
  2. Leukocytosis
  3. Vomiting
  4. Weight loss
  5. Fever
  6. Abdominal mass
  7. Diarrhea
  8. Absence of bowel sounds
18
Q

What is the main cause of stomach carcinoma?

A

Adenocarcinoma

- 80% of cases

19
Q

Is stomach carcinoma more common in males or females?

A

Male

20
Q

What are the clinical findings for stomach carcinoma? (6)

A
  1. Upper abdominal discomfort
  2. Nausea/vomiting 3. Decrease in appetite
  3. Fatigue
  4. Weight loss
  5. Abdominal mass
21
Q

What is the US appearance for stomach carcinoma? (4)

A
  1. Target tumour of the stomach
  2. Hypervascular mass
  3. Gastric wall thickening
  4. LUQ mass
22
Q

What are 4 differential diagnosis for stomach carcinoma?

A
  1. Polyp
  2. Ulcer
  3. Lymphoma
  4. Metastases
23
Q

What are the causes for gastric dilatation? (8)

A
  1. Gastric obstruction
  2. Gastroparesis
  3. Duodenal ulcer
  4. Inflammation
  5. Pylorospasm
  6. Neurological disease
  7. Neoplasm
  8. Medication
24
Q

What are the clinical findings for gastric dilatation? (3)

A
  1. Abdominal pain

2. Nausea/vomiting 3. Bloating

25
Q

What is the US appearance for gastric dilatation? (4)

A
  1. Fluid-filled mass in the LUQ
  2. Swirling hyper echoic interluminal echoes
  3. Decrease or lack of forward peristalsis of stomach contents
  4. Thin gastric wall margins
26
Q

What are the 4 differential diagnosis for gastric dilatation?

A
  1. Omental cyst
  2. Renal cyst
  3. Liver cyst
  4. Pancreatic pseudocyst
27
Q

What is the main cause of gastric ulcer?

A

Bacterial infection

- 75%

28
Q

What are other causes of gastric ulcers? (2)

A
  1. Stress

2. Malignant neoplasm

29
Q

What are the clinical findings of gastric ulcers? (5)

A
  1. Epigastric pain
  2. Postprandial pain 3. Bloating
  3. Nausea
  4. Heartburn
30
Q

What is the US appearance of gastric ulcers? (2)

A
  1. Thick gastric wall margins

2. Hypervascular gastric wall

31
Q

Where are gastric ulcers most commonly located?

A

In the lesser curvature of the stomach

32
Q

What are 2 differential diagnosis for gastric ulcers?

A
  1. Gastritis

2. Neoplasm

33
Q

What are the causes of gastritis? (5)

A
  1. Bacterial infection 2. Bile reflux
  2. Smoking
  3. Excessive alcohol
    consumption
  4. Radiation
34
Q

What are the clinical findings of gastritis? (6)

A
  1. Upper abdominal discomfort
  2. Decrease in appetite
  3. Belching
  4. Nausea/vomiting 5. Fatigue
  5. Fever
35
Q

What is the US appearance of gastritis? (2)

A
  1. Diffuse or localized thickening in the gastric wall

2. Enlarged and prominent rugae

36
Q

What are 2 differential diagnosis of gastritis?

A
  1. Gastric ulcer

2. Neoplasm

KaBoom (81 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions