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KaBoom > Spleen - Part 4 > Flashcards

Spleen - Part 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What causes a splenic rupture? (3)

A
  1. Trauma
  2. Splenomegaly
  3. Infectious disorder
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2
Q

What are the clinical findings for a splenic rupture? (5)

A
  1. LUQ pain
  2. Tachycardia
  3. Palpable mass
  4. Abdominal pain
  5. Decrease in
    hematocrit
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3
Q

What is the US appearance for a splenic rupture? (3)

A
  1. Hypo echoic or complex mass
  2. May demonstrate posterior acoustic enhancement
  3. Subcapsular rupture appears as a crescent-shaped fluid collection
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4
Q

What are 3 differential diagnosis for a splenic rupture?

A
  1. Recent splenic infarction
  2. Abscess
  3. Cyst
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5
Q

What are the clinical findings for hemangiosarcoma? (4)

A
  1. Anemia is most common
  2. LUQ pain
  3. Leukocytosis
  4. Weight loss
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6
Q

What is the US appearance for a hemangiosarcoma? (2)

A
  1. Hyper echoic or complex mass

2. Frequently metastasizes to the liver

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7
Q

What are 3 differential diagnosis for hemangiosarcoma?

A
  1. Abscess
  2. Hematoma
  3. Cavernous hemangioma
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8
Q

Leukemia

A

Proliferation of white blood cells

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9
Q

What are the clinical findings for leukemia? (7)

A
  1. Lymphadenopathy
  2. Palpable spleen
  3. Joint pain
  4. Weakness
  5. Fever
  6. Elevated WBC
  7. Anemia
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10
Q

What is the US appearance for leukemia? (3)

A
  1. Splenomegaly
  2. Diffuse increase in parenchyma echogenicity
  3. Hypo echoic or hyper echoic nodules
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11
Q

What are 3 differential diagnosis for leukemia?

A
  1. Hematoma
  2. Lymphoma
  3. Metastases
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12
Q

Lymphoma

A

Malignant disorder involving the lymphoreticular system

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13
Q

What are the 2 types of lymphoma?

A
  1. Hodgkin’s

2. Non-Hodgkin’s

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14
Q

What are the clinical findings for lymphoma? (6)

A
  1. Lymphadenopathy
  2. Anemia
  3. Unexplained fever
  4. Weight loss
  5. Fatigue
  6. Decrease in WBC count
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15
Q

What is the US appearance for lymphoma? (3)

A
  1. Hypo echoic splenic masses
  2. Ill-defined margins 3. May demonstrate
    splenomegaly
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16
Q

What are 2 differential diagnosis for lymphoma?

A
  1. Metastatic lesion

2. Hematoma

17
Q

What is the most common metastases?

A

Melanoma

18
Q

What is a clinical finding for metastases?

A

Asymptomatic

19
Q

What is the US appearance for metastases? (2)

A
  1. Typically hypo echoic

2. Target lesions

20
Q

What are 4 differential diagnosis for metastases?

A
  1. Multiple abscesses 2. Lymphoma

3. Splenic candidiasis 4. Leukemia

21
Q

Where is the most common location of an accessory spleen?

A

Near the splenic hilum

22
Q

Where should the gain settings be placed to demonstrate the normal spleen?

A

Isoechoic to the normal liver

23
Q

What is the most common benign neoplasm of the spleen?

A

Cavernous hemangioma

24
Q

What is the most common clinical finding associated with a hemangiosarcoma?

A

Anemia

25
Q

Hemangiosarcoma involving the spleen frequently metastasizes to which organ?

A

Liver

26
Q

Which splenic abnormality is most commonly linked to infective endocarditis?

A

Abscess

27
Q

The splenic artery is a branch of which of the following vascular structures?

A

Celiac axis

28
Q

What carries carbon dioxide back to the lungs?

A

Hb

29
Q

Which splenic pathology is associated with granulomatosis?

A

Calcification

30
Q

What splenic pathology is associated with a “wheel within a wheel” appearance on US?

A

Candidiasis

31
Q

A patient arrives at the emergency department following a motor vehicle accident. An abdominal US is most likely ordered to evaluate for which condition?

A

Hemoperitoneum

32
Q

In cases of portal hypertension, which the splenic vein is most likely to shunt blood directly into?

A

Left renal vein

33
Q

Normal Hb levels should not exceed?

A

20g/dL

KaBoom (81 decks)

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