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KaBoom > Superficial Structures - Part 5 > Flashcards

Superficial Structures - Part 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Is a colloid carcinoma benign or malignant?

A

Malignant

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2
Q

What are the clinical findings for colloid carcinoma? (3)

A
  1. Asymptomatic
  2. Soft palpable breast
    mass
  3. Breast thickening
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3
Q

What is the US appearance for colloid carcinoma? (3)

A
  1. Solid hypo echoic breast mass
  2. Round in shape
  3. Smooth wall margins
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4
Q

What are 3 differential diagnosis for colloid carcinoma?

A
  1. Fibroadenoma
  2. Complex cyst
  3. Invasive ductal carcinoma
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5
Q

Is a medullary carcinoma benign or malignant?

A

Malignant

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6
Q

What are the clinical findings for medullary carcinoma? (3)

A
  1. Asymptomatic
  2. Soft palpable mass 3. Usually centrally
    located
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7
Q

What is the US appearance for medullary carcinoma? (3)

A
  1. Solid hyper echoic breast mass
  2. Round or oval in shape
  3. Smooth to mildly irregular wall margins
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8
Q

What are the 4 differential diagnosis for medullary carcinoma?

A
  1. Fibroadenoma
  2. Fibrotic breast tissue
  3. Fibrosis
  4. Invasive ductal carcinoma
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9
Q

What are the clinical findings for metastatic breast disease?

A
  1. Asymptomatic
  2. Superficial breast mass
  3. Multiple masses
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10
Q

What is the US appearance for metastatic breast disease? (4)

A
  1. Discrete masses
  2. Heterogeneous low-level internal echoes
  3. Smooth wall margins 4. Usually found in the
    subcutaneous tissue
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11
Q

What are 3 differential diagnosis for metastatic breast disease?

A
  1. Lipoma
  2. Enlarged lymph node
  3. Primary carcinoma
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12
Q

Is a papillary carcinoma benign or malignant?

A

Uncommonly malignant

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13
Q

What are the clinical findings of papillary carcinoma?

A
  1. Asymptomatic
  2. Bloody nipple
    discharge
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14
Q

What is the US appearance for papillary carcinoma? (4)

A
  1. Solid mass most commonly located near the areola
  2. Well-defined borders
  3. Small in size
  4. Dilated ducts
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15
Q

What are 2 differential diagnosis for papillary carcinoma?

A
  1. Fibroadenoma

2. Complex cyst

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16
Q

What does the abdominal wall consist of?

A
  1. Fat
  2. Fascia
  3. Muscle
17
Q

Where is the linea alba located?

A

Xiphoid process to the symphysis pubis

- midline tendon

18
Q

Where is the linea alba located compared to the subcutaneous fat?

A

Posterior to it

19
Q

Where is the rectus abdominis muscles located?

A

On either side of the linea alba

- extend the entire length of the anterior abdominal wall

20
Q

What is each rectus abdominis muscle contained within?

A

A rectus sheath

21
Q

Where is the external oblique muscles located?

A

Anterior to the internal oblique and transverse abdominis muscles

22
Q

Where is the internal oblique muscles located? (2)

A
  1. Posterior to the external oblique muscle

2. Anterior to the transverse abdominis muscle

23
Q

What do the internal oblique muscles achieve with the help of the external muscles?

A

Side bends of the trunk

24
Q

Where is the transverse abdominis muscle located? (2)

A
  1. Immediately posterior to the internal

2. External oblique muscles

25
Q

What does the achilles tendon attach?

A

The gastrocnemius and soleus muscles

26
Q

What is the thickest tendon in the body?

A

Achilles tendon

27
Q

What is the strongest tendon in the body?

A

Achilles tendon

28
Q

What increases the risk for injury and difficulty in healing for the achilles tendon?

A

Limited blood supply

29
Q

Where does the achilles tendon insert into?

A

The posterior surface of the calcaneus

30
Q

What is the normal thickness of the achilles tendon?

A

5-7mm

31
Q

What is the normal diameter of the achilles tendon?

A

12-15mm

32
Q

What is normal of the achilles tendon in athletes?

A

It increases in size

33
Q

Where is the hip joint?

A

Between the femur and the acetabulum of the pelvis

34
Q

What type of joint is the hip joint?

A

Ball in socket

- synovial joint

KaBoom (81 decks)

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