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KaBoom > Spleen - Part 2 > Flashcards

Spleen - Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are indications for a spleen exam? (8)

A
  1. Chronic liver disease
  2. Infection
  3. Leukocytosis
  4. Leukopenia
  5. Palpable mass
  6. Abdominal pain
  7. Fatigue
  8. Trauma
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2
Q

What are the normal serum levels of erythrocytes in males?

A

4.6-6.2 million/mm^3

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3
Q

What are the normal serum levels of erythrocytes in females?

A

4.2-5.4 million/mm^3

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4
Q

What do erythrocytes do? (2)

A
  1. Carries oxygen from the lungs to the tissues in the body

2. Carries carbon dioxide back to the lungs

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5
Q

Where do erythrocytes develop?

A

In the bone marrow

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6
Q

What is the life span of erythrocytes?

A

120 days

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7
Q

What do erythrocytes contain?

A

Hemoglobin

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8
Q

What is elevation of erythrocytes associated with? (2)

A
  1. Polycythemia vera

2. Severe diarrhea

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9
Q

What is decrease of erythrocytes associated with? (4)

A
  1. Internal bleeding
  2. Hemolytic anemia
  3. Hodgkin’s disease
  4. Hemangiosarcomas.
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10
Q

What are normal serum levels of leukocyte?

A

4500-11,000 mm^3

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11
Q

What do leukocytes do?

A

Defends the body from infection

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12
Q

What are elevated levels of leukocytes associated with? (4)

A
  1. Infection
  2. Leukemia
  3. Hemorrhage
  4. Malignancy
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13
Q

What are decrease levels of leukocytes associated with? (5)

A
  1. Lymphoma
  2. Leukemia
  3. Viral infection
  4. Hypersplenia
  5. Diabetes mellitus.
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14
Q

What are the normal serum levels for hematocrit in males?

A

40-54 mL/dL

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15
Q

What are the normal serum levels for hematocrit in females?

A

37-47 mL/dL

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16
Q

Hematocrit

A

Percentage of RBCs in the blood

17
Q

What is an elevation in hematocrit associated with? (4)

A
  1. Dehydration
  2. Shock
  3. Polycythemia vera
  4. Infection
18
Q

What is an decrease in hematocrit associated with? (3)

A
  1. Hemorrhage
  2. Anemia
  3. Leukemia
19
Q

What are the normal serum levels of Hb in males?

A

13-18g/dL

20
Q

What are the normal serum levels of Hb in females?

A

12-16g/dL

21
Q

Hb

A

Oxygen carrying pigment of the RBCs

22
Q

What does Hb do?

A

Carries oxygen from the lungs to the cells and carbon dioxide from the cells back to
the lungs

23
Q

Where does Hb develop?

A

In the bone marrow inside the RBC

24
Q

What does the spleen do to Hb?

A

It gets recycled into iron

25
Q

What is the most common cause of an abscess of the spleen?

A

Infective endocarditis

26
Q

What are other causes of an abscess of the spleen? (2)

A
  1. Infection

2. Trauma

27
Q

What are the clinical findings of an abscess of the spleen? (3)

A
  1. Fever
  2. LUQ pain
  3. Leukocytosis
28
Q

What is the US appearance of an abscess of the spleen? (3)

A
  1. Hypo echoic or complex splenic mass
  2. Ill-defined, thick wall margins
  3. May demonstrate posterior acoustic enhancement
29
Q

What are 3 differential diagnosis of an abscess of the spleen?

A
  1. Hematoma
  2. Splenic infarction
  3. Cavernous lymphangioma
30
Q

What are causes of calcifications of the spleen? (4)

A
  1. Granulomatosis
  2. Splenic infarction
  3. Calcified cyst
  4. Abscess
31
Q

What are the clinical findings of calcifications of the spleen? (2)

A
  1. Asymptomatic

2. Abdominal pain

32
Q

What is the US appearance for calcifications of the spleen? (2)

A
  1. Hyper echoic focus(i) disperse(s) within the splenic parenchyma
  2. May demonstrate posterior acoustic shadowing
33
Q

What is a differential diagnosis of calcifications of the spleen?

A

Calcified vessel(s)

KaBoom (81 decks)

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