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Liver - Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 vascular components for the liver?

A
  1. Hepatic arteries
  2. Hepatic veins
  3. Portal veins
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2
Q

How much blood goes through the hepatic artery?

A

30%

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3
Q

Where does the hepatic artery lie? (2)

A
  1. Medial to the common hepatic duct

2. Anterior to the main portal vein

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4
Q

What is the normal diameter of the proper hepatic artery?

A

2-4mm

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5
Q

Where does the hepatic veins empty into?

A

IVC

- deoxygenated blood

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6
Q

What does the left portal vein subdivide into?

A

Left medial and lateral portal veins

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7
Q

What does the right portal vein subdivide into?

A

Right anterior and posterior portal veins

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8
Q

How much blood goes through the portal veins?

A

70%

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9
Q

What is the normal diameter of the MPV?

A

Should not exceed 13mm

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10
Q

Is the liver intra or retroperitoneal?

A

Intra

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11
Q

Where does the caudate lie compared to the IVC?

A

Anterior and medial to the IVC

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12
Q

What are 2 left lobe variants?

A
  1. Extension into the LUQ

2. Small left lobe

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13
Q

What are 3 differential diagnosis for left lobe variants?

A
  1. Splenomegaly
  2. Hepatomegaly
  3. Splenic neoplasm
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14
Q

Riedel lobe

A

Extension of the right lobe

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15
Q

Is Riedel lobe more common in males of females?

A

Females

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16
Q

What are 2 differential diagnosis for riedal lobe?

A
  1. Hepatomegaly

2. Renal neoplasm

17
Q

What are the normal measurements for the liver? (length, height and width)

A 
Length = 7-17cm
Height = 10-12.5cm
Width = 20-22.5cm
18
Q

What can cause hepatomegaly? (7)

A
  1. Congestive heart failure
  2. Inflammatory processes
  3. Polycystic disease
  4. Fatty infiltration
  5. Biliary obstruction
  6. Neoplasm
  7. Budd-Chiari syndrome
19
Q

What are the clinical findings of hepatomegaly? (3)

A
  1. Asymptomatic
  2. RUQ pain
  3. Palpable RUQ mass
20
Q

What measurements indicate hepatomegaly?

A

Length exceeding 18cm

21
Q

What are 3 differential diagnosis for hepatomegaly?

A
  1. Riedel lobe
  2. Left lobe variant
  3. Technical error
22
Q

What is the US appearance of the liver? (3)

A
  1. Homogeneous
  2. Moderately echogenic
  3. Smooth parenchyma
23
Q

What kind of blood flow happens in the portal veins? (2)

A
  1. Phasic

2. Hepatopetal

24
Q

What kind of blood flow happens in the hepatic veins? (2)

A
  1. Multiphasic

2. Hepatofugal

25
Q

What kind of blood flow happens in the hepatic arteries? (3)

A
  1. Low resistance
  2. Hepatopetal
  3. Continuous flow throughout diastole
26
Q

What are the indications for a liver exam? (7)

A
  1. Abnormal liver function tests (LFTs)
  2. Hepatocellular disease
  3. Biliary disease
  4. Abdominal pain
  5. Postprandial pain
  6. Palpable liver or spleen
  7. Pancreatitis

KaBoom (81 decks)

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