types of design plus datas

Question 1

Primary data

Answer 1

Information observer or collected directly from firsthand experience

Question 2

Secondary data

Answer 2

Information used in a research study that was collected by someone else or for a purpose other than the current one eg published data or data collected in the past

Question 3

Strengths of primary data

Answer 3

Researcher has control over the data. Data collection can be designed so it fits the aims and hypothesis of the study.

Question 4

Limitations of primary data

Answer 4

Lengthy and expensive process

Question 5

Strengths of secondary data

Answer 5

it Simpler and cheaper to access someone else’s data

Question 6

Limitations of secondary data

Answer 6

For some studies, the data may not exactly fit the need of the study.

Question 7

Collection techniques for primary data

Answer 7

Data collected by the researcher of the current study through any research method e.g. questionnaire observation experiment

Question 8

Collection techniques for secondary data

Answer 8

E.g. governments to sticks data held by the hospital or other institution

Question 9

explain how the study might be improved by using a matched pairs design

Answer 9

It makes elements that influence of participants variable less likely therefore making it more reliable

Question 10

Advantage of independent

Answer 10

Advantages of independent measures design include less time/money involved than a within subjects design and increased external validity because more participants are used.

Question 11

Disadvantage of independent

Answer 11

A disadvantage is that individual differences in participants can sometimes lead to differences in the groups’ results.

Question 12

Disadvantage of matched pairs

Answer 12

Participants cannot be matched on every level and therefore there are some participant variables.

Matching is difficult and time consuming.

More participants required than with other designs.

Question 13

Advantage of matched pairs

Answer 13

The primary advantage of the matched pairs design is to use experimental control to reduce one or more sources of error between the groups.

Question 14

Advantages of repeated measures designs

Answer 14

Pro: As the same participants are used in each condition, participant variables (i.e., individual differences) are reduced.

Pro: Fewer people are needed as they take part in all conditions (i.e. saves time).

Question 15

Disadvantage of related measures designs

Answer 15

Con: There may be order effects. …