memory Flashcards
what is the working memory
short term memory
gave a different lists of words to 4 groups of participants to remember
Group 1 words sounded similar (acoustically similar)
Group two words sounded different (acoustically dissimilar)
Group 3 words with similar meanings (semantically similar)
Group 4 words with different meanings (semantically similar)
Adam Baddeley 1966 gave a different lists of words to 4 groups of participants to remember
summary
Paritapnts were shown the words and asked to recall in right order.
Short term memory focus
Worse on acoustically similar words average
After 20 minutes recall = long term
They did worse with the semantics;ly similar words
Conc findings suggest that information is coded acoustically in STM and semantically in LTM
The amount of information that can be held in a memory store (two people)
Jacobs(1887) conclusion: numbers capacity = 9 letters = 7
Miller (1956) found the ‘chunck’ (grouped information) top be basic unit of stm
Length of time information can be held in memory
Peterson and peterson (1959)
Read nonsense trigrams XFB then had participants count backwards in threes from a large number
Graphs indicate that short term memory has a span of approximately 18 seconds in duration if rehearsal is not possible due to an intervening tasks
what did tuvlving do
Tulving (1985) thought that the Multi- store model of memory must be too simplistic. He modified the MSM view of LTM to include:
what are the types of LTM
Episodic memory
Semantic memory
Procedural memory
what is episodic memory
Episodic memory
Memories are time stamped
People objects places and behaviours involved in the memory
Conscious effort is required to recall episodic memories
what is semantic memory
Semantic memory
These memories are NOT time stamped
Knowledge of facts and complex emotions such as the meaning of love
what is procedural memory
Procedural memory
Long term memory store for learned motor skills
what is baddley 1996
Generate lists of random numbers while simultaneously switching between pressing numbers and letters on a keyboard
Participants cannot attend to more than one flow of information at once. This demonstrates that the central executive had a limited capacity.
