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Year 2 Medicine > Neck and Oral Cavity > Flashcards

Neck and Oral Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

Oral Cavity

  • Located inferior to the nasal cavities and is continuous with both the nasal cavities superiorly and the pharynx inferiorly, as well as opening onto the face.
  • The oral cavity functions as part of the digestive system and in manipulating the sounds produced by the …
  • Divided into an outer oral … and … oral cavity
    • Outer oral … includes the lips and cheeks
    • … oral cavity is enclosed by the teeth
    • The … includes the hard and soft palate
    • Muscles of the soft palate create the … of the oral cavity. Palatoglossal arch. Palatopharyngeal arch-uvula.
    • The … of the cavity is formed by muscles (mylohyoid and geniohyoid) and the tongue and contains the submandibular and sublingual glands.
A
  • Located inferior to the nasal cavities and is continuous with both the nasal cavities superiorly and the pharynx inferiorly, as well as opening onto the face.
  • The oral cavity functions as part of the digestive system and in manipulating the sounds produced by the larynx.
  • Divided into an outer oral vestibule and inner oral cavity
    • Outer oral vestibule includes the lips and cheeks
    • Inner oral cavity is enclosed by the teeth
    • The roof includes the hard and soft palate
    • Muscles of the soft palate create the arches of the oral cavity. Palatoglossal arch. Palatopharyngeal arch-uvula.
    • The floor of the cavity is formed by muscles (mylohyoid and geniohyoid) and the tongue and contains the submandibular and sublingual glands.
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2
Q

Oral Cavity

  • Located inferior to the nasal cavities and is continuous with both the nasal cavities superiorly and the pharynx inferiorly, as well as opening onto the face.
  • The oral cavity functions as part of the digestive system and in manipulating the sounds produced by the larynx.
  • Divided into an outer oral vestibule and inner oral cavity
    • Outer oral vestibule includes the … and …
    • Inner oral cavity is enclosed by the …
    • The roof includes the … and … …
    • Muscles of the soft palate create the arches of the oral cavity. … arch. … arch-uvula.
    • The floor of the cavity is formed by muscles (… and …) and the tongue and contains the submandibular and sublingual glands.
A
  • Located inferior to the nasal cavities and is continuous with both the nasal cavities superiorly and the pharynx inferiorly, as well as opening onto the face.
  • The oral cavity functions as part of the digestive system and in manipulating the sounds produced by the larynx.
  • Divided into an outer oral vestibule and inner oral cavity
    • Outer oral vestibule includes the lips and cheeks
    • Inner oral cavity is enclosed by the teeth
    • The roof includes the hard and soft palate
    • Muscles of the soft palate create the arches of the oral cavity. Palatoglossal arch. Palatopharyngeal arch-uvula.
    • The floor of the cavity is formed by muscles (mylohyoid and geniohyoid) and the tongue and contains the submandibular and sublingual glands.
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3
Q

Oral Cavity

  • Located inferior to the nasal cavities and is continuous with both the nasal cavities superiorly and the pharynx inferiorly, as well as opening onto the face.
  • The oral cavity functions as part of the digestive system and in manipulating the sounds produced by the larynx.
  • Divided into an outer oral vestibule and inner oral cavity
    • Outer oral vestibule includes the lips and cheeks
    • Inner oral cavity is enclosed by the teeth
    • The roof includes the hard and soft palate
    • Muscles of the soft palate create the arches of the oral cavity. Palatoglossal arch. Palatopharyngeal arch-…
    • The floor of the cavity is formed by muscles (mylohyoid and geniohyoid) and the tongue and contains the … and … glands.
A
  • Located inferior to the nasal cavities and is continuous with both the nasal cavities superiorly and the pharynx inferiorly, as well as opening onto the face.
  • The oral cavity functions as part of the digestive system and in manipulating the sounds produced by the larynx.
  • Divided into an outer oral vestibule and inner oral cavity
    • Outer oral vestibule includes the lips and cheeks
    • Inner oral cavity is enclosed by the teeth
    • The roof includes the hard and soft palate
    • Muscles of the soft palate create the arches of the oral cavity. Palatoglossal arch. Palatopharyngeal arch-uvula.
    • The floor of the cavity is formed by muscles (mylohyoid and geniohyoid) and the tongue and contains the submandibular and sublingual glands.
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4
Q

Oral Cavity

  • Located … to the nasal cavities and is continuous with both the nasal cavities superiorly and the … inferiorly, as well as opening onto the face.
  • The oral cavity functions as part of the digestive system and in manipulating the sounds produced by the ….
  • Divided into an outer oral vestibule and inner oral cavity
    • Outer oral vestibule includes the lips and cheeks
    • Inner oral cavity is enclosed by the teeth
    • The roof includes the hard and soft palate
    • Muscles of the soft palate create the arches of the oral cavity. Palatoglossal arch. Palatopharyngeal arch-uvula.
    • The floor of the cavity is formed by muscles (mylohyoid and geniohyoid) and the tongue and contains the submandibular and sublingual glands.
A
  • Located inferior to the nasal cavities and is continuous with both the nasal cavities superiorly and the pharynx inferiorly, as well as opening onto the face.
  • The oral cavity functions as part of the digestive system and in manipulating the sounds produced by the larynx.
  • Divided into an outer oral vestibule and inner oral cavity
    • Outer oral vestibule includes the lips and cheeks
    • Inner oral cavity is enclosed by the teeth
    • The roof includes the hard and soft palate
    • Muscles of the soft palate create the arches of the oral cavity. Palatoglossal arch. Palatopharyngeal arch-uvula.
    • The floor of the cavity is formed by muscles (mylohyoid and geniohyoid) and the tongue and contains the submandibular and sublingual glands.
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5
Q

Tongue

  • The tongue is divided into an anterior two thirds (…) and a posterior third (…), demarked by a V shaped sulcus (… sulcus)
  • … cover the tongue and all except filiform have taste buds on their surface
  • Undersurface contains medial fold (…) which internally separates the right and left sides of the tongue
A
  • The tongue is divided into an anterior two thirds (oral) and a posterior third (pharyngeal), demarked by a V shaped sulcus (terminal sulcus)
  • Papillae cover the tongue and all except filiform have taste buds on their surface
  • Undersurface contains medial fold (frenulum) which internally separates the right and left sides of the tongue
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6
Q

Tongue

  • The tongue is divided into an … two thirds (oral) and a … third (pharyngeal), demarked by a … shaped sulcus (terminal sulcus)
  • Papillae cover the tongue and all except … have taste buds on their surface
  • … contains medial fold (frenulum) which internally separates the right and left sides of the tongue
A
  • The tongue is divided into an anterior two thirds (oral) and a posterior third (pharyngeal), demarked by a V shaped sulcus (terminal sulcus)
  • Papillae cover the tongue and all except filiform have taste buds on their surface
  • Undersurface contains medial fold (frenulum) which internally separates the right and left sides of the tongue
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7
Q

Muscles of the tongue

  • The tongue is divided into left and right halves - Hence, all muscles are paired. Muscles are divided into intrinsic and extrinsic
  • Intrinsic: Longitudinal, transverse and vertical create … movements for speech, eating and swallowing
  • Extrinsic:
    • … - depresses and protrudes tongue
    • Hyoglossus - depresses tongue
    • … - retracts tongue
    • Palatoglossus - elevates back of tongue and depresses soft palate
  • Tongue supplied by … arteries and drains to … veins
A
  • The tongue is divided into left and right halves - Hence, all muscles are paired. Muscles are divided into intrinsic and extrinsic
  • Intrinsic: Longitudinal, transverse and vertical create precision movements for speech, eating and swallowing
  • Extrinsic:
    • Genioglossus - depresses and protrudes tongue
    • Hyoglossus - depresses tongue
    • Styloglossus - retracts tongue
    • Palatoglossus - elevates back of tongue and depresses soft palate
  • Tongue supplied by lingual arteries and drains to lingual veins
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8
Q

Muscles of the tongue

  • The tongue is divided into left and right halves - Hence, all muscles are paired. Muscles are divided into intrinsic and extrinsic
  • Intrinsic: Longitudinal, transverse and vertical create precision movements for speech, eating and …
  • Extrinsic:
    • Genioglossus - … and … tongue
    • Hyoglossus - … tongue
    • Styloglossus - … tongue
    • Palatoglossus - … back of tongue and … soft palate
  • Tongue supplied by lingual arteries and drains to lingual veins
A
  • The tongue is divided into left and right halves - Hence, all muscles are paired. Muscles are divided into intrinsic and extrinsic
  • Intrinsic: Longitudinal, transverse and vertical create precision movements for speech, eating and swallowing
  • Extrinsic:
    • Genioglossus - depresses and protrudes tongue
    • Hyoglossus - depresses tongue
    • Styloglossus - retracts tongue
    • Palatoglossus - elevates back of tongue and depresses soft palate
  • Tongue supplied by lingual arteries and drains to lingual veins
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9
Q

Muscles of the tongue

  • The tongue is divided into left and right halves - Hence, all muscles are paired. Muscles are divided into intrinsic and extrinsic
  • Intrinsic: Longitudinal, transverse and vertical create precision movements for speech, eating and swallowing
  • Extrinsic:
    • … - depresses and protrudes tongue
    • … - depresses tongue
    • … - retracts tongue
    • … - elevates back of tongue and depresses soft palate
  • Tongue supplied by lingual arteries and drains to lingual veins
A
  • The tongue is divided into left and right halves - Hence, all muscles are paired. Muscles are divided into intrinsic and extrinsic
  • Intrinsic: Longitudinal, transverse and vertical create precision movements for speech, eating and swallowing
  • Extrinsic:
    • Genioglossus - depresses and protrudes tongue
    • Hyoglossus - depresses tongue
    • Styloglossus - retracts tongue
    • Palatoglossus - elevates back of tongue and depresses soft palate
  • Tongue supplied by lingual arteries and drains to lingual veins
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10
Q

Muscles of the tongue

  • The tongue is divided into left and right halves - Hence, all muscles are paired. Muscles are divided into intrinsic and extrinsic
  • Intrinsic: …, transverse and … create precision movements for speech, eating and swallowing
  • Extrinsic:
    • Genioglossus - depresses and protrudes tongue
    • Hyoglossus - depresses tongue
    • Styloglossus - retracts tongue
    • Palatoglossus - elevates back of tongue and depresses soft palate
  • Tongue supplied by … arteries and drains to … veins
A
  • The tongue is divided into left and right halves - Hence, all muscles are paired. Muscles are divided into intrinsic and extrinsic
  • Intrinsic: Longitudinal, transverse and vertical create precision movements for speech, eating and swallowing
  • Extrinsic:
    • Genioglossus - depresses and protrudes tongue
    • Hyoglossus - depresses tongue
    • Styloglossus - retracts tongue
    • Palatoglossus - elevates back of tongue and depresses soft palate
  • Tongue supplied by lingual arteries and drains to lingual veins
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11
Q

Label the muscles of the tongue

A
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12
Q

Tongue innervation

  • Anterior 2/3rd
    • Taste:
      • Special afferent (taste) … CN… via Chorda tympani via inguinal nerve (V3)
    • Sensation - general sensation … nerve (V3)
  • Posterior 1/3rd:
    • Taste: Special afferent (taste) … (CN…)
    • Sensation: General sensation … (CN…)
  • Motor to whole tongue - Hypoglossal nerve (CN12) except … CN10
A
  • Anterior 2/3rd
    • Taste:
      • Special afferent (taste) Facial CN7 via Chorda tympani via inguinal nerve (V3)
    • Sensation - general sensation lingual nerve (V3)
  • Posterior 1/3rd:
    • Taste: Special afferent (taste) glossopharyngeal (CN9)
    • Sensation: General sensation glossopharyngeal (CN9)
  • Motor to whole tongue - Hypoglossal nerve (CN12) except palatoglossus CN10
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13
Q

Tongue innervation

  • … 2/3rd
    • Taste:
      • Special afferent (taste) Facial CN7 via … … via inguinal nerve (V3)
    • Sensation - general sensation lingual nerve (V3)
  • … 1/3rd:
    • Taste: Special afferent (taste) glossopharyngeal (CN9)
    • Sensation: General sensation glossopharyngeal (CN9)
  • Motor to whole tongue - Hypoglossal nerve (CN12) except palatoglossus CN10
A
  • Anterior 2/3rd
    • Taste:
      • Special afferent (taste) Facial CN7 via Chorda tympani via inguinal nerve (V3)
    • Sensation - general sensation lingual nerve (V3)
  • Posterior 1/3rd:
    • Taste: Special afferent (taste) glossopharyngeal (CN9)
    • Sensation: General sensation glossopharyngeal (CN9)
  • Motor to whole tongue - Hypoglossal nerve (CN12) except palatoglossus CN10
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14
Q

Cranial Nerve 9 Glossopharyngeal

  • Type - sensory (somatic), special sensory (taste), motor and visceral
  • Exit - … Foramen
  • Innervation
    • Sensory - … 1/3 tongue, oropharynx
    • Taste - … 1/3 tongue
    • Motor - stylopharyngeus
    • Visceral to the … gland to stimulate … to aid …. Note - other salivary glands innervated via … nerve (CN…)
A
  • Type - sensory (somatic), special sensory (taste), motor and visceral
  • Exit - Jugular Foramen
  • Innervation
    • Sensory - posterior 1/3 tongue, oropharynx
    • Taste - posterior 1/3 tongue
    • Motor - stylopharyngeus
    • Visceral to the parotid gland to stimulate secretion to aid digestion. Note - other salivary glands innervated via facial nerve (CN7)
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15
Q

Cranial Nerve 9 Glossopharyngeal

  • Type - sensory (somatic), special sensory (taste), motor and visceral
  • Exit - Jugular …
  • Innervation
    • Sensory - posterior 1/3 tongue, o…
    • Taste - posterior 1/3 tongue
    • Motor - stylo…
    • Visceral to the parotid gland to stimulate secretion to aid digestion. Note - other salivary glands innervated via facial nerve (CN7)
A
  • Type - sensory (somatic), special sensory (taste), motor and visceral
  • Exit - Jugular Foramen
  • Innervation
    • Sensory - posterior 1/3 tongue, oropharynx
    • Taste - posterior 1/3 tongue
    • Motor - stylopharyngeus
    • Visceral to the parotid gland to stimulate secretion to aid digestion. Note - other salivary glands innervated via facial nerve (CN7)
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16
Q

What salivary gland is innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve?

A

Partodi gland - other salivary glands innervated via facial nerve (CN7)

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17
Q

Cranial Nerve 12 Hypoglossal

  • Type: motor to intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue
  • Exit: … c…
A
  • Type: motor to intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue
  • Exit: hypoglossal canal
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18
Q

Larynx

  • Specialised organ that provides a protective sphincter for the air passages and produces … The framework of the larynx is made up of cartilages: Thyroid, c…, arytenoid, c…, corniculate and epiglottis.
  • Contains ligaments, the two most important are the v… and the v… ligament
  • Nerve supply: sensory and motor from the v…, via the superior laryngeal branch and recurrent laryngeal branch.
  • Blood supply: upper half by the … thyroid artery and lower half by … thyroid artery.
A
  • Specialised organ that provides a protective sphincter for the air passages and produces phonation. The framework of the larynx is made up of cartilages: Thyroid, cricoid, arytenoid, cuneiform, corniculate and epiglottis.
  • Contains ligaments, the two most important are the vestibular and the vocal ligament
  • Nerve supply: sensory and motor from the vagus, via the superior laryngeal branch and recurrent laryngeal branch.
  • Blood supply: upper half by the superior thyroid artery and lower half by interior thyroid artery.
19
Q

Larynx

  • Specialised organ that provides a protective sphincter for the air passages and produces phonation. The framework of the larynx is made up of cartilages: t…, cricoid, a…, cuneiform, corniculate and e…
  • Contains ligaments, the two most important are the vestibular and the vocal ligament
  • Nerve supply: sensory and motor from the vagus, via the … laryngeal branch and … laryngeal branch.
  • Blood supply: upper half by the … … artery and lower half by … … artery.
A
  • Specialised organ that provides a protective sphincter for the air passages and produces phonation. The framework of the larynx is made up of cartilages: Thyroid, cricoid, arytenoid, cuneiform, corniculate and epiglottis.
  • Contains ligaments, the two most important are the vestibular and the vocal ligament
  • Nerve supply: sensory and motor from the vagus, via the superior laryngeal branch and recurrent laryngeal branch.
  • Blood supply: upper half by the superior thyroid artery and lower half by interior thyroid artery.
20
Q

Cranial Nerve 10 Vagus

  • Type: sensory, taste, visceral sensory, motor and visceral motor
  • Path: rootlets from medulla, throgh … foramen continues in carotid sheath. Branches into head and thorax
  • Exit: … foramen
  • Innervation:
    • Sensory - from larynx, … mater
    • Taste - E… and P…
    • Visceral sensory - aortic bodies, aortic arch chemoreceptors, bronchi, heart, lungs, midgut and foregut
    • Motor - palatoglossus, muscles of pharynx and larynx
    • Visceral motor - as part of parasympathetic to smooth muscle in glands in pharynx, larynx, thoracic viscera, foregut and midgut.
A
  • Type: sensory, taste, visceral sensory, motor and visceral motor
  • Path: rootlets from medulla, throgh jugular foramen continues in carotid sheath. Branches into head and thorax
  • Exit: jugular foramen
  • Innervation:
    • Sensory - from larynx, dura mater
    • Taste - epiglottis and pharynx
    • Visceral sensory - aortic bodies, aortic arch chemoreceptors, bronchi, heart, lungs, midgut and foregut
    • Motor - palatoglossus, muscles of pharynx and larynx
    • Visceral motor - as part of parasympathetic to smooth muscle in glands in pharynx, larynx, thoracic viscera, foregut and midgut.
21
Q

Pharynx

  • Pharynx is the most … part of the neck, situated … the nasal cavity and the larynx. It’s a … shaped tube with three sections:
  • Nasopharynx, Laryngopharynx, Orophayrnx
  • Muscles: consist of three … (superior, middle and inferior)
  • Nerve supply: Motor via …, except - stylopharyngeus - CN9
  • Sensory via V2, CN9, CN10
A
  • Pharynx is the most posterior part of the neck, situated behind the nasal cavity and the larynx. It’s a funnel shaped tube with three sections:
  • Nasopharynx, Laryngopharynx, Orophayrnx
  • Muscles: consist of three constrictors (superior, middle and inferior)
  • Nerve supply: Motor via vagus, except - stylopharyngeus - CN9
  • Sensory via V2, CN9, CN10
22
Q

Pharynx

  • Pharynx is the most posterior part of the neck, situated behind the nasal cavity and the larynx. It’s a funnel shaped tube with three sections:
  • N…, L…, O…
  • Muscles: consist of three constrictors (superior, middle and inferior)
  • Nerve supply: Motor via vagus, except - … - CN9
  • Sensory via V2, CN9, CN10
A
  • Pharynx is the most posterior part of the neck, situated behind the nasal cavity and the larynx. It’s a funnel shaped tube with three sections:
  • Nasopharynx, Laryngopharynx, Orophayrnx
  • Muscles: consist of three constrictors (superior, middle and inferior)
  • Nerve supply: Motor via vagus, except - stylopharyngeus - CN9
  • Sensory via V2, CN9, CN10
23
Q

Fascia of neck

  • The deep fascia of the neck creates the important layers
    • … fascia - pink
    • … fascia - blue
    • Investing fascia - green
  • Important as reduces the spread of …
  • Enables structures to move past each other in movement and … etc
  • … sheath (Red) blends with the … and … fascia. It contains: common and internal carotid arteries. Internal jugular vein. Vagus Nerve (CN 10). Some deep cercal lymph nodes. Carotid sinus nerve.
A
  • The deep fascia of the neck creates the important layers
    • Pretracheal fascia - pink
    • Prevertebral fascia - blue
    • Investing fascia - green
  • Important as reduces the spread of infection
  • Enables structures to move past each other in movement and swallowing etc
  • Carotid sheath (Red) blends with the pretracheal and prevertebral fascia. It contains: common and internal carotid arteries. Internal jugular vein. Vagus Nerve (CN 10). Some deep cercal lymph nodes. Carotid sinus nerve.
24
Q

Cranial Nerve 10 Vagus

  • Type: sensory, taste, visceral sensory, motor and visceral motor
  • Path: rootlets from medulla, throgh jugular foramen continues in carotid sheath. Branches into head and …
  • Exit: jugular foramen
  • Innervation:
    • Sensory - from l…, dura mater
    • Taste - epiglottis and pharynx
    • Visceral sensory - aortic bodies, aortic arch chemoreceptors, bronchi, heart, lungs, midgut and foregut
    • Motor - …, muscles of pharynx and larynx
    • Visceral motor - as part of … to smooth muscle in glands in pharynx, larynx, thoracic viscera, foregut and midgut.
A
  • Type: sensory, taste, visceral sensory, motor and visceral motor
  • Path: rootlets from medulla, throgh jugular foramen continues in carotid sheath. Branches into head and thorax
  • Exit: jugular foramen
  • Innervation:
    • Sensory - from larynx, dura mater
    • Taste - epiglottis and pharynx
    • Visceral sensory - aortic bodies, aortic arch chemoreceptors, bronchi, heart, lungs, midgut and foregut
    • Motor - palatoglossus, muscles of pharynx and larynx
    • Visceral motor - as part of parasympathetic to smooth muscle in glands in pharynx, larynx, thoracic viscera, foregut and midgut.
25
Q

The neck

  • Transition area between base of … superiorly and the thoracic cage inferiorly
  • Major conduit for structures passing between the head and thorax
  • Supported posteriorly by … … vertebrae
  • Contains the mobile … bone
A
  • Transition area between base of cranium superiorly and the thoracic cage inferiorly
  • Major conduit for structures passing between the head and thorax
  • Supported posteriorly by 7 cervical vertebrae
  • Contains the mobile hyoid bone
26
Q

The neck

  • Transition area between base of cranium superiorly and the … cage inferiorly
  • Major conduit for structures passing between the head and thorax
  • Supported … by 7 cervical vertebrae
  • Contains the … hyoid bone
A
  • Transition area between base of cranium superiorly and the thoracic cage inferiorly
  • Major conduit for structures passing between the head and thorax
  • Supported posteriorly by 7 cervical vertebrae
  • Contains the mobile hyoid bone
27
Q

Fascia of neck

  • The deep fascia of the neck creates the important layers
    • Pretracheal fascia - pink
    • Prevertebral fascia - blue
    • … fascia - green
  • Important as reduces the spread of infection
  • Enables structures to move past each other in movement and swallowing etc
  • Carotid sheath (Red) blends with the pretracheal and prevertebral fascia. It contains: … and … carotid arteries. Internal … vein. … Nerve (CN 10). Some deep cercal lymph nodes. Carotid … nerve.
A
  • The deep fascia of the neck creates the important layers
    • Pretracheal fascia - pink
    • Prevertebral fascia - blue
    • Investing fascia - green
  • Important as reduces the spread of infection
  • Enables structures to move past each other in movement and swallowing etc
  • Carotid sheath (Red) blends with the pretracheal and prevertebral fascia. It contains: common and internal carotid arteries. Internal jugular vein. Vagus Nerve (CN 10). Some deep cercal lymph nodes. Carotid sinus nerve.
28
Q

Surface Anatomy - NECK

  • The neck is divided into the anterior and lateral/posterior compartment by the presence of the …. muscle
  • The anterior compartment is further subdivided into three paired triangles and one unpaired; the unpaired submental triangle, the paired submandibular, C… and muscular triangle.
  • The posterior compartment is bounded posteriorly by the … muscle and is divided into two triangles by the presence of the posterior belly of … into: the large occipital triangle and the smaller omoclavicular triangle
A
  • The neck is divided into the anterior and lateral/posterior compartment by the presence of the sternocleidomastoid muscle
  • The anterior compartment is further subdivided into three paired triangles and one unpaired; the unpaired submental triangle, the paired submandibular, carotid and muscular triangle.
  • The posterior compartment is bounded posteriorly by the trapezius muscle and is divided into two triangles by the presence of the posterior belly of omohyoid into: the large occipital triangle and the smaller omoclavicular triangle
29
Q

Surface Anatomy - NECK

  • The neck is divided into the anterior and lateral/posterior compartment by the presence of the s… muscle
  • The anterior compartment is further subdivided into three paired triangles and one unpaired; the unpaired … triangle, the paired s…, carotid and … triangle.
  • The posterior compartment is bounded posteriorly by the trapezius muscle and is divided into two triangles by the presence of the posterior belly of omohyoid into: the large … triangle and the smaller … triangle
A
  • The neck is divided into the anterior and lateral/posterior compartment by the presence of the sternocleidomastoid muscle
  • The anterior compartment is further subdivided into three paired triangles and one unpaired; the unpaired submental triangle, the paired submandibular, carotid and muscular triangle.
  • The posterior compartment is bounded posteriorly by the trapezius muscle and is divided into two triangles by the presence of the posterior belly of omohyoid into: the large occipital triangle and the smaller omoclavicular triangle
30
Q

Muscles and contents of the Anterior Triangle

  • Submandibular triangle bounded by anterior and posterior bellies of digastric. Contains: … gland, … artery and vein.
  • Submental triangle bounded by: d…. Contains lymph nodes
  • Muscular triangle bounded by: omohyoid, SCM.. Contains supra and infra … muscles
  • Carotid triangle bounded by: omohyoid, stylohyoid, digastric, SCM. Contains: common … artery, IJV, hypoglossal nerve, … nerve, … nerve.
A
  • Submandibular triangle bounded by anterior and posterior bellies of digastric. Contains: submandibular gland, facial artery and vein.
  • Submental triangle bounded by: digastric. Contains lymph nodes
  • Muscular triangle bounded by: omohyoid, SCM.. Contains supra and infra hyoid muscles
  • Carotid triangle bounded by: omohyoid, stylohyoid, digastric, SCM. Contains: common carotid artery, IJV, hypoglossal nerve, vagus nerve, accessory nerve.
31
Q

Muscles and contents of the Anterior Triangle

  • Submandibular triangle bounded by anterior and posterior bellies of digastric. Contains: submandibular gland, facial artery and vein.
  • … triangle bounded by: digastric. Contains lymph nodes
  • … triangle bounded by: omohyoid, SCM.. Contains supra and infra hyoid muscles
  • … triangle bounded by: omohyoid, stylohyoid, digastric, SCM. Contains: common carotid artery, IJV, hypoglossal nerve, vagus nerve, accessory nerve.
A
  • Submandibular triangle bounded by anterior and posterior bellies of digastric. Contains: submandibular gland, facial artery and vein.
  • Submental triangle bounded by: digastric. Contains lymph nodes
  • Muscular triangle bounded by: omohyoid, SCM.. Contains supra and infra hyoid muscles
  • Carotid triangle bounded by: omohyoid, stylohyoid, digastric, SCM. Contains: common carotid artery, IJV, hypoglossal nerve, vagus nerve, accessory nerve.
32
Q

Muscles of the muscular triangle

  • Suprahyoid muscles:
    • Stylohyoid, d…, m… and g…
    • Innervation: facial nerve for stylohyoid and posterior belly of digastric. m… by CN 5 and g… by CN 12
  • Infrahyoid muscles:
    • Omohyoid, sternohyoid, thyrohyoid, and sternothyroid
    • Innervation: C…-C… of ansa cervicalis
A
  • Suprahyoid muscles:
    • Stylohyoid, digastric, mylohyoid and geniohyoid
    • Innervation: facial nerve for stylohyoid and posterior belly of digastric. Mylohyoid by CN 5 and geniohyoid by CN 12
  • Infrahyoid muscles:
    • Omohyoid, sternohyoid, thyrohyoid, and sternothyroid
    • Innervation: C1-C3 of ansa cervicalis
33
Q

Muscles of the muscular triangle

  • Suprahyoid muscles:
    • S…, digastric, mylohyoid and geniohyoid
    • Innervation: facial nerve for stylohyoid and posterior belly of digastric. Mylohyoid by CN … and geniohyoid by CN …
  • Infrahyoid muscles:
    • O…, S…, T…, and …
    • Innervation: C1-C3 of ansa cervicalis
A
  • Suprahyoid muscles:
    • Stylohyoid, digastric, mylohyoid and geniohyoid
    • Innervation: facial nerve for stylohyoid and posterior belly of digastric. Mylohyoid by CN 5 and geniohyoid by CN 12
  • Infrahyoid muscles:
    • Omohyoid, sternohyoid, thyrohyoid, and sternothyroid
    • Innervation: C1-C3 of ansa cervicalis
34
Q

Muscles and contents of the posterior triangle

  • Posterior triangle contains: … artery, EJV, … plexus, CN11, cervical plexus
  • … triangle bounded by: SCM, trapezius and omohyoid
  • … triangle bounded by: clavicular head of SCM, clavicle and omohyoid
A
  • Posterior triangle contains: subclavian artery, EJV, brachial plexus, CN11, cervical plexus
  • Occipital triangle bounded by: SCM, trapezius and omohyoid
  • Supraclavicular triangle bounded by: clavicular head of SCM, clavicle and omohyoid
35
Q

Muscles and contents of the posterior triangle

  • Posterior triangle contains: subclavian artery, E…, brachial plexus, CN…, … plexus
  • Occipital triangle bounded by: SCM, T… and omohyoid
  • Supraclavicular triangle bounded by: clavicular head of SCM, clavicle and O..
A
  • Posterior triangle contains: subclavian artery, EJV, brachial plexus, CN11, cervical plexus
  • Occipital triangle bounded by: SCM, trapezius and omohyoid
  • Supraclavicular triangle bounded by: clavicular head of SCM, clavicle and omohyoid
36
Q

Arterial supply - Neck/oral cavity

  • Number of major vessels travel in the neck to supply the viscera, upper limb and head.
  • … divides into the common carotid which divides into the Internal and external carotid
    • External carotid divides into 6 branches to supply the head and neck
      • … thyroid, ascending …, lingual, f…, m…, superficial …
    • Internal carotid - no branches until inside the skull
  • … arteries - gives rise to inferior thyroid
A
  • Number of major vessels travel in the neck to supply the viscera, upper limg and head.
  • Brachiocephalic divides into the common carotid which divides into the Internal and external carotid
    • External carotid divides into 6 branches to supply the head and neck
      • Superior thyroid, ascending pharyngeal, lingual, facial, maxillary, superficial temporal
    • Internal carotid - no branches until inside the skull
  • Subclavian arteries - gives rise to inferior thyroid
37
Q

Arterial supply - Neck/oral cavity

  • Number of major vessels travel in the neck to supply the viscera, upper limg and head.
  • Brachiocephalic divides into the … carotid which divides into the … and … carotid
    • … carotid divides into 6 branches to supply the head and neck
      • Superior thyroid, ascending pharyngeal, lingual, facial, maxillary, superficial temporal
    • … carotid - no branches until inside the skull
  • Subclavian arteries - gives rise to … thyroid
A
  • Number of major vessels travel in the neck to supply the viscera, upper limg and head.
  • Brachiocephalic divides into the common carotid which divides into the Internal and external carotid
    • External carotid divides into 6 branches to supply the head and neck
      • Superior thyroid, ascending pharyngeal, lingual, facial, maxillary, superficial temporal
    • Internal carotid - no branches until inside the skull
  • Subclavian arteries - gives rise to inferior thyroid
38
Q

Venous drainage - Neck and Oral cavity

  • The … jugular vein () drains the brain, face, cervical viscera and neck muscles
  • … jugular vein
  • … jugular vein
A
  • The internal jugular vein (IJV) drains the brain, face, cervical viscera and neck muscles
  • External jugular vein
  • Anterior jugular vein
39
Q

Venous drainage - Neck and Oral cavity

  • The internal … vein (IJV) drains the brain, face, cervical viscera and neck muscles
  • External … vein
  • Anterior … vein
A
  • The internal jugular vein (IJV) drains the brain, face, cervical viscera and neck muscles
  • External jugular vein
  • Anterior jugular vein
40
Q

Cranial Nerve 11 Accessory

  • Type: Motor to … and …
  • Exit: Jugular Foramen
A
  • Type: Motor to Sternocleidomastoid and Trapezius
  • Exit: Jugular Foramen
41
Q

Cranial Nerve 11 Accessory

  • Type: … to Sternocleidomastoid and Trapezius
  • Exit: … Foramen
A
  • Type: Motor to Sternocleidomastoid and Trapezius
  • Exit: Jugular Foramen
42
Q

Cranial Nerve 8 Vestibulocochlear Nerve

  • Type: Sensory, special somatic afferent for …, equilibrium and motion.
  • Path: Divides into … and … Nerves
  • Exit: … acoustic meatus
A
  • Type: Sensory, special somatic afferent for hearing, equilibrium and motion.
  • Path: Divides into Vestibular and Cochlear Nerves
  • Exit: Internal acoustic meatus
43
Q

Cranial Nerve 8 Vestibulocochlear Nerve

  • Type: s…, special somatic afferent for hearing, e… and m…
  • Path: Divides into Vestibular and Cochlear Nerves
  • Exit: Internal … …
A
  • Type: Sensory, special somatic afferent for hearing, equilibrium and motion.
  • Path: Divides into Vestibular and Cochlear Nerves
  • Exit: Internal acoustic meatus

Year 2 Medicine (162 decks)

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