Face, Temporal and Infratemporal Fossa

Question 1

Face

• The face is the anterior aspect of the head and provides our identity as a human being
• Important role in our communication with others and our interaction with the …
• Face shape is formed by underlying …

Answer 1

• The face is the anterior aspect of the head and provides our identity as a human being
• Important role in our communication with others and our interaction with the environment (eyes, ears)
• Face shape is formed by underlying bones

Question 2

Muscles of the face

• Muscles of facial expression are responsible for closing the eye and mouth and for conveying mood
• Key muscles:
  
  • … - elevates eyebrows
  • … … - closes eyelids
  • … … - closes mouth
  • Zygomaticus major - elevates … commissure
  • Buccinator - compresses cheek
  • Platysma - depresses mandible against resistance, tenses fascia of neck

Answer 2

• Muscles of facial expression are responsible for closing the eye and mouth and for conveying mood
• Key muscles:
  
  • Occipitofrontalis - elevates eyebrows
  • Orbicularis oculi - closes eyelids
  • Orbicularis oris - closes mouth
  • Zygomaticus major - elevates labial commissure
  • Buccinator - compresses cheek
  • Platysma - depresses mandible against resistance, tenses fascia of neck

Question 3

Muscles of the face

• Muscles of facial expression are responsible for closing the eye and mouth and for conveying mood
• Key muscles:
  
  • Occipitofrontalis - elevates eyebrows
  • Orbicularis oculi - closes eyelids
  • Orbicularis oris - closes mouth
  • … … - elevates labial commissure
  • … - compresses cheek
  • … - depresses mandible against resistance, tenses fascia of neck

Answer 3

• Muscles of facial expression are responsible for closing the eye and mouth and for conveying mood
• Key muscles:
  
  • Occipitofrontalis - elevates eyebrows
  • Orbicularis oculi - closes eyelids
  • Orbicularis oris - closes mouth
  • Zygomaticus major - elevates labial commissure
  • Buccinator - compresses cheek
  • Platysma - depresses mandible against resistance, tenses fascia of neck

Question 4

Muscles of the face

• Muscles of facial expression are responsible for closing the eye and mouth and for conveying …
• Key muscles:
  
  • Occipitofrontalis - elevates …
  • Orbicularis oculi - closes …
  • Orbicularis oris - closes …
  • Zygomaticus major - elevates labial commissure
  • Buccinator - compresses …
  • Platysma - depresses … against resistance, tenses fascia of neck

Answer 4

• Muscles of facial expression are responsible for closing the eye and mouth and for conveying mood
• Key muscles:
  
  • Occipitofrontalis - elevates eyebrows
  • Orbicularis oculi - closes eyelids
  • Orbicularis oris - closes mouth
  • Zygomaticus major - elevates labial commissure
  • Buccinator - compresses cheek
  • Platysma - depresses mandible against resistance, tenses fascia of neck

Question 5

Muscles of the face

• Muscles of facial expression are responsible for closing the eye and mouth and for conveying mood
• Key muscles:
  
  • Occipitofrontalis - … eyebrows
  • Orbicularis oculi - … eyelids
  • Orbicularis oris - … mouth
  • Zygomaticus major - … labial commissure
  • Buccinator - … cheek
  • Platysma - depresses mandible against …, tenses fascia of neck

Answer 5

• Muscles of facial expression are responsible for closing the eye and mouth and for conveying mood
• Key muscles:
  
  • Occipitofrontalis - elevates eyebrows
  • Orbicularis oculi - closes eyelids
  • Orbicularis oris - closes mouth
  • Zygomaticus major - elevates labial commissure
  • Buccinator - compresses cheek
  • Platysma - depresses mandible against resistance, tenses fascia of neck

Question 6

Innervation - Face

• … innervation by the Trigeminal Nerve (CN5)
• All … of facial … supplied by the Facial nerve (CN7)

Answer 6

• Cutaneous innervation by the Trigeminal Nerve (CN5)
• All muscles of facial expression supplied by the Facial nerve (CN7)

Question 7

Innervation - Face

• Cutaneous innervation by the … nerve
• All muscles of facial expression supplied by the .. nerve

Answer 7

• Cutaneous innervation by the Trigeminal Nerve (CN5)
• All muscles of facial expression supplied by the Facial nerve (CN7)

Question 8

Cranial Nerve 7

• Type: Sensory, Taste, General motor and visceral motor
• Exit: Internal acoustic meatus, facial canal, stylomastoid foramen
• Branches:
  
  • Motor - Posterior …, temporal, …, buccal, marginal …, … (Two Zebras Bit My Coccyx / To zanzibar by motor car)
  • Parasympathetic - branches: to .. ganglion
  • Taste - via chorda … via lingual nerve from anterior two thirds of tongue
  • General sensory: skin over external … meatus

Answer 8

• Type: Sensory, Taste, General motor and visceral motor
• Exit: Internal acoustic meatus, facial canal, stylomastoid foramen
• Branches:
  
  • Motor - Posterior auricular, temporal, xygomatic, buccal, marginal mandibular, cervical (Two Zebras Bit My Coccyx / To zanzibar by motor car)
  • Parasympathetic - branches: to pterygopalatine ganglion
  • Taste - via chorda tympani via lingual nerve from anterior two thirds of tongue
  • General sensory: skin over external auditory meatus

Question 9

Cranial Nerve 7

• Type: Sensory, Taste, General motor and visceral motor
• Exit: Internal acoustic meatus, facial canal, stylomastoid foramen
• Branches:
  
  • Motor - Posterior auricular, …, …, …, … …, cervical (Two Zebras Bit My Coccyx / To zanzibar by motor car)
  • Parasympathetic - branches: to pterygopalatine ganglion
  • Taste - via chorda tympani via lingual nerve from … two … of tongue
  • General sensory: skin over … auditory meatus

Answer 9

• Type: Sensory, Taste, General motor and visceral motor
• Exit: Internal acoustic meatus, facial canal, stylomastoid foramen
• Branches:
  
  • Motor - Posterior auricular, temporal, xygomatic, buccal, marginal mandibular, cervical (Two Zebras Bit My Coccyx / To zanzibar by motor car)
  • Parasympathetic - branches: to pterygopalatine ganglion
  • Taste - via chorda tympani via lingual nerve from anterior two thirds of tongue
  • General sensory: skin over external auditory meatus

Question 10

Parotid gland

• The … of three salivary glands in the head (parotid, submandibular, sublingual) that aid digestion
• The parotid gland is … to muscles
• Parotid duct leaves gland at anterior edge and passes through the corner of the mouth but turns deep through …
• The parotid duct opens into oral cavity at upper … molar tooth
• The … vein and external … artery run through it
• … nerve passes through the parotid gland

Answer 10

• The largest of three salivary glands in the head (parotid, submandibular, sublingual) that aid digestion
• The parotid gland is superficial to muscles
• Parotid duct leaves gland at anterior edge and passes through the corner of the mouth but turns deep through buccinator
• The parotid duct opens into oral cavity at upper second molar tooth
• The retromandibular vein and external carotid artery run through it
• Facial nerve passes through the parotid gland

Question 11

Parotid gland

• The largest of three salivary glands in the head (parotid, submandibular, sublingual) that aid …
• The parotid gland is superficial to …
• Parotid duct leaves gland at … edge and passes through the corner of the mouth but turns deep through buccinator
• The parotid duct opens into oral cavity at … … molar tooth
• The retromandibular vein and external carotid artery run through it
• … nerve passes through the parotid gland

Answer 11

• The largest of three salivary glands in the head (parotid, submandibular, sublingual) that aid digestion
• The parotid gland is superficial to muscles
• Parotid duct leaves gland at anterior edge and passes through the corner of the mouth but turns deep through buccinator
• The parotid duct opens into oral cavity at upper second molar tooth
• The retromandibular vein and external carotid artery run through it
• Facial nerve passes through the parotid gland

Question 12

Muscles of mastication

• Responsible for mastication - …
  
  • Temporalis - elevation, retraction
  • Masseter - elevation
  • Medial … - protusion and depression
  • Lateral … - protusion and depression
• Supplied by motor branch of … (mandibular nerve)

Answer 12

• Responsible for mastication - chewing
  
  • Temporalis - elevation, retraction
  • Masseter - elevation
  • Medial pterygoid - protusion and depression
  • Lateral pterygoid - protusion and depression
• Supplied by motor branch of V3 (mandibular nerve)

Question 13

Muscles of mastication

• Responsible for mastication - chewing
  
  • … - elevation, retraction
  • … - elevation
  • Medial pterygoid - … and depression
  • Lateral pterygoid - … and depression
• Supplied by motor branch of V3 (… nerve)

Answer 13

• Responsible for mastication - chewing
  
  • Temporalis - elevation, retraction
  • Masseter - elevation
  • Medial pterygoid - protusion and depression
  • Lateral pterygoid - protusion and depression
• Supplied by motor branch of V3 (mandibular nerve)

Question 14

• Temporalis - … the mandible, … the mouth. Also … the mandible
• Innervation: … nerve (V3).

Answer 14

• Temporalis - Elevates the mandible, closing the mouth. Also retracts the mandible, pulling the jaw posteriorly.
• Innervation: Mandibular nerve (V3).

Question 15

• Masseter - … the mandible, … the mouth.
• Innervation: … nerve (V3).

Answer 15

• Masseter - Elevates the mandible, closing the mouth.
• Innervation: Mandibular nerve (V3).

Question 16

• Medial pterygoid - Elevates the mandible - … to …
• Innervation: … nerve (V3).

Answer 16

• Medial pterygoid - Elevates the mandible - side to side
• Innervation: Mandibular nerve (V3).

Question 17

• Lateral Pterygoid - … and … of the mandible
• Innervation: … nerve (V3).

Answer 17

• Lateral Pterygoid - protusion and depression of the mandible
• Innervation: Mandibular nerve (V3).

Question 18

Cranial Nerve 5 Trigeminal

• Type: … (general sensory) and … … to derivatives of 1st … arch
• Three divisions: ophthalmic, maxillary, mandibular (V1, V2, V3)
• Exit: Superior … fissure V1, … Rotundum V2, … Ovale V3

Answer 18

• Type: Somatic (general sensory) and somatic motor to derivatives of 1st pharyngeal arch
• Three divisions: ophthalmic, maxillary, mandibular (V1, V2, V3)
• Exit: Superior orbital fissure V1, Foramen Rotundum V2, Foramen Ovale V3

Question 19

Cranial Nerve 5 Trigeminal

• Type: Somatic (general sensory) and somatic motor to derivatives of … pharyngeal arch
• Three divisions: …, …, … (V1, V2, V3)
• Exit: … orbital fissure V1, Foramen … V2, Foramen … V3

Answer 19

• Type: Somatic (general sensory) and somatic motor to derivatives of 1st pharyngeal arch
• Three divisions: ophthalmic, maxillary, mandibular (V1, V2, V3)
• Exit: Superior orbital fissure V1, Foramen Rotundum V2, Foramen Ovale V3

Question 20

Match the colour to the division of the trigeminal nerve

Answer 20

Question 21

V1 Ophthalmic

• Type: … fibres to skin, mucous membranes, conjunctiva, front of head and nose
• Path: Branches into: l…, n.., frontal
• Exit: … … Fissure

Answer 21

• Type: Sensory fibres to skin, mucous membranes, conjunctiva, front of head and nose
• Path: Branches into: lacrimal, nasocillary, frontal
• Exit: Superior Orbital Fissure

Question 22

V1 Ophthalmic

• Type: Sensory fibres to …, mucous membranes, c…, front of head and nose
• Path: Branches into: lacrimal, n…, f…
• Exit: Superior Orbital Fissure

Answer 22

• Type: Sensory fibres to skin, mucous membranes, conjunctiva, front of head and nose
• Path: Branches into: lacrimal, nasocillary, frontal
• Exit: Superior Orbital Fissure

Question 23

V2 Maxillary

• Type: sensory fibres …, nasal, … …, lip, …
• Path: Enters … fossa, gives off branches to … ganglion, through inferior orbital fissure
• Exit: Foramen …
• Branches: Infraorbital, z…, superior alveolar

Answer 23

• Type: sensory fibres dura, nasal, upper cheek, lip, teeth
• Path: Enters pterygopalatine fossa, gives off branches to pterygopalatine ganglion, through inferior orbital fissure
• Exit: Foramen rotundum
• Branches: Infraorbital, zygomatic, superior alveolar

Question 24

V2 Maxillary

• Type: sensory fibres dura, nasal, upper cheek, lip, teeth
• Path: Enters pterygopalatine fossa, gives off branches to pterygopalatine ganglion, through inferior … fissure
• Exit: Foramen rotundum
• Branches: I.., zygomatic, superior A…

Answer 24

• Type: sensory fibres dura, nasal, upper cheek, lip, teeth
• Path: Enters pterygopalatine fossa, gives off branches to pterygopalatine ganglion, through inferior orbital fissure
• Exit: Foramen rotundum
• Branches: Infraorbital, zygomatic, superior alveolar

Question 25

_V3 Mandibular_ * Type: ..., sensory, lower face, lip, teeth. Motor to muscles of mastication. * Exit: Foramen ... * Branches: * Sensory - ..., buccal, L..., inferior ..., mental * Motor- temporalis, masseter, medial and lateral pterygoids, nerve to mylohyoid * Parasympathetic (hitch-hiking) to ... glands

Answer 25

* Type: **Mixed**, sensory, lower face, lip, teeth. Motor to muscles of mastication. * Exit: Foramen **Ovale** * Branches: * Sensory - **auriculotempora, buccal, lingual, inferior alveolar, mental** * Motor- temporalis, masseter, medial and lateral pterygoids, nerve to mylohyoid * Parasympathetic (hitch-hiking) to **salivary** glands

Question 26

_V3 Mandibular_ * Type: Mixed, sensory, lower face, lip, teeth. Motor to muscles of mastication. * Exit: Foramen ... * Branches: * Sensory - auriculotempora, b..., lingual, inferior alveolar, m... * Motor- T.., M..., medial and lateral ..., nerve to ... * ... (hitch-hiking) to salivary glands

Answer 26

* Type: Mixed, sensory, lower face, lip, teeth. Motor to muscles of mastication. * Exit: Foramen **Ovale** * Branches: * Sensory - auriculotempora, **buccal**, lingual, inferior alveolar, **mental** * Motor- **temporalis, masseter, medial and lateral pterygoids, nerve to mylohyoid** * **Parasympathetic** (hitch-hiking) to salivary glands

Question 27

_Temporal and Infratemporal Fossa_ * The temporal fossa is a ... shaped space that is located on the ... surface of the skull * The temporal fossa contains: temporalis muscle, branches of ... * The infratemporal fossa is ... to the temporal fossa * The infratemporal fossa contains: medial and lateral ..., ... artery, N3, branches of ... nerve, glossopharyngeal nerve and ... plexus of veins.

Answer 27

* The temporal fossa is a **fan** shaped space that is located on the **lateral** surface of the skull * The temporal fossa contains: temporalis muscle, branches of **V2** * The infratemporal fossa is **inferior** to the temporal fossa * The infratemporal fossa contains: medial and lateral **pterygoids**, **maxillary** artery, N3, branches of **facial** nerve, glossopharyngeal nerve and **pterygoid** plexus of veins.

Question 28

_Temporal and Infratemporal Fossa_ * The temporal fossa is a fan shaped space that is located on the lateral surface of the skull * The temporal fossa contains: ... muscle, branches of V2 * The infratemporal fossa is inferior to the temporal fossa * The infratemporal fossa contains: ... and ... pterygoids, maxillary artery, N3, branches of facial nerve, ... nerve and pterygoid plexus of veins.

Answer 28

* The temporal fossa is a fan shaped space that is located on the lateral surface of the skull * The temporal fossa contains: **temporalis** muscle, branches of V2 * The infratemporal fossa is inferior to the temporal fossa * The infratemporal fossa contains: **medial** and **lateral** pterygoids, maxillary artery, N3, branches of facial nerve, **glossopharyngeal** nerve and pterygoid plexus of veins.

Question 29

_Arterial supply to the face_ * Arterial supply is provided from the external ... artery * Key branches: * L.. * Facial * M... * S... temporal

Answer 29

* Arterial supply is provided from the external **carotid** artery * Key branches: * **Lingual** * **Facial** * **Maxillary** * **Superficial temporal**

Question 30

_Arterial supply to the face_ * Arterial supply is provided from the ... carotid artery * Key branches: * Lingual * F... * M.. * Superficial T..

Answer 30

* Arterial supply is provided from the **external** carotid artery * Key branches: * **Lingual** * **Facial** * **Maxillary** * **Superficial temporal**

Question 31

_Venous drainage of the face_ * The facial vein drains the majority of the face, starting near the ... * The facial vein passes inferiorly and drains into the ... jugular vein * The superficial temporal vein drains into the ... jugular vein

Answer 31

* The facial vein drains the majority of the face, starting near the **eye**. * The facial vein passes inferiorly and drains into the **internal** jugular vein * The superficial temporal vein drains into the **external** jugular vein

Question 32

_Venous drainage of the face_ * The facial vein drains the majority of the face, starting near the eye. * The facial vein passes ... and drains into the internal ... vein * The ... temporal vein drains into the external ... vein

Answer 32

* The facial vein drains the majority of the face, starting near the eye. * The facial vein passes **inferiorly** and drains into the internal **jugular** vein * The **superficial** temporal vein drains into the external **jugular** vein

Question 33

Medial pterygoid is responsible for what action?

Answer 33

* Elevation of mandible * (Lateral responsible for depression)