Introduction to Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
Nomenclature - MSK
- To describe problems with bones, use the prefix …
- To describe problems with muscle, use the prefix …/…
- To describe problems with joints, use the prefix …
- The prefix … describes cartilage
- To denote inflammation, use the suffix -…
- To denote pain, use the suffix -…
- To describe problems with bones, use the prefix OSTEO
- To describe problems with muscle, use the prefix MY/MYO
- To describe problems with joints, use the prefix ARTH
- The prefix CHOND describes cartilage
- To denote inflammation, use the suffix -ITIS
- To denote pain, use the suffix -ALGIA
… – Tendon problem (inflammation)
Tendonitis – Tendon problem (inflammation)
Bursae are … membrane lined pockets that serve to allow free movement of adjacent structures where otherwise, there could be …
Bursae are synovial membrane lined pockets that serve to allow free movement of adjacent structures where otherwise, there could be friction.
… – Inflammation of bursa
Bursitis – Inflammation of bursa
… – Inflammation of an enthesis.
Enthesitis – Inflammation of an enthesis.
… are the points where tendons, ligaments or joint capsules insert into bone. The largest site is the Achilles insertion.
Entheses are the points where tendons, ligaments or joint capsules insert into bone. The largest site is the Achilles insertion.
Entheses are the points where tendons, ligaments or joint capsules insert into bone. The largest site is the … insertion
Entheses are the points where tendons, ligaments or joint capsules insert into bone. The largest site is the Achilles insertion.
Osteoporosis – Reduced bone …
Osteoporosis – Reduced bone density
… – Poor bone mineralisation
Osteomalacia – Poor bone mineralisation
Osteomyelitis – Bone …
Osteomyelitis – Bone infection
Osteosarcoma – An example of … bone …
Osteosarcoma – An example of malignant bone tumour
Which word would you use to describe muscle inflammation?
- 1) Myopathy
- 2) Myositis
- 3) Myalgia
2) Myositis
Muscle conditions
- … - Pain in muscles.
- Very common.
- Commonly associated with viral infections.
- Can be drug induced (eg by statins).
- … - Inflammation of the muscles.
- Far less common than … and can be autoimmune
-
Myalgia - Pain in muscles.
- Very common.
- Commonly associated with viral infections.
- Can be drug induced (eg by statins).
-
Myositis - Inflammation of the muscles.
- Far less common than myalgia and can be autoimmune
Myalgia - Pain in muscles.
- Very ….
- Commonly associated with … infections.
- Can be … induced (eg by ..).
- Very common.
- Commonly associated with viral infections.
- Can be drug induced (eg by statins).
Myositis - Inflammation of the muscles
- Far … common than myalgia and can be …
- Far less common than myalgia and can be autoimmune
What is a joint?
- A joint is formed where two or more bones meet each other
- This is an example of a normal joint

Approach to a patient with musculoskeletal disorder
- Full history & Physical examination - Often enough to make a diagnosis
- … tests – help to support the diagnosis
- Full history & Physical examination - Often enough to make a diagnosis
- Serological tests – help to support the diagnosis
Some ways of classifying rheumatic disease


Joint pain - Articular or Periarticular?


Periarticular joint pain
- Point … over the involved structure, Pain reproduced by … involving that structure
- Which structure?
- Bursa?
- Tendon?
- Tendon …?
- Ligament?
- Others?
- Point tenderness over the involved structure, Pain reproduced by movement involving that structure
- Which structure?
- Bursa?
- Tendon?
- Tendon sheath?
- Ligament?
- Others?
Periarticular joint pain
- … tenderness over the involved structure, Pain reproduced by movement involving that structure
- Which structure?
- …?
- …?
- Tendon sheath?
- …?
- Others?
- Point tenderness over the involved structure, Pain reproduced by movement involving that structure
- Which structure?
- Bursa?
- Tendon?
- Tendon sheath?
- Ligament?
- Others?
Articular Joint pain
- … … tenderness, pain at the … range of movement in any direction
- Inflammatory/…?
- Any signs of inflammation?
- Features of … problem?
- Locking, catching etc
- Joint line tenderness, pain at the end range of movement in any direction
- Inflammatory/mechanical?
- Any signs of inflammation?
- Features of mechanical problem?
- Locking, catching etc
Articular Joint pain
- Joint line tenderness, pain at the end range of … in any direction
- …/mechanical?
- Any signs of …?
- Features of mechanical problem?
- Locking, catching etc
- Joint line tenderness, pain at the end range of movement in any direction
-
Inflammatory/mechanical?
- Any signs of inflammation?
- Features of mechanical problem?
- Locking, catching etc
Articular Joint pain
- Joint line tenderness, pain at the end range of movement in … direction
- Inflammatory/mechanical?
- Any signs of inflammation?
- Features of mechanical problem?
- …, catching etc
- Joint line tenderness, pain at the end range of movement in any direction
- Inflammatory/mechanical?
- Any signs of inflammation?
- Features of mechanical problem?
- Locking, catching etc























































