APUSH Chapter 28 Part 1 Flashcards
Stalin
USSR -1924
Communist (global revolution)
Mussolini
Italy (1922)
Fascism
Hitler
Germany
1933
Fascists –> strong country
Franco
Spain
1936
Rise of totalitarian dictators
Absolute authority with no competition/dissent, control economy
Adolf Hitler
Wounded WW1 Vet
Despises Weimar Republic
1921- elected leader of National Socialist Party (Nazis)
1923- Beer Hall Putsch
–>sentenced to 5 years in prison for treason after failed overthrow of govt
Mein kampf
My struggle
Written in prison, outlines nazi ideology, nationalism, racism anti-semitism
Labenscraum
Hitler believed Germany needed “living space” to gain national pride and world power
Rhineland on border to France –> demilitarized –> Hitler remilitarizes
Anschluss
1938
Germany annexes Austria, Hitler is Austrian
Wants the Sudetenland
Munich Conference
1938
French and British leaders meet with Hitler and Mussolini
Sudetenland annexed to Germany (Hitler promises stop)
“Peace in our time” -British PM Neville Chamberlin
Nazi Soviet Pact
Non aggression pact, split Poland
1939
Tripartite pact
Japan creates axis between Rome Tokyo, and Berlin
Invasion of Poland
Sept 1, 1939
Germans Blitzkrieg from west (lightening war)
Russians attack from east
GB and France declare war on Germany
The Phony War
Sitzkrieg (winter 1939) lull in fighting Maginot Line (heavy system of defenses between France/Germany and Germany goes through Belgium April 1940 --> Germany Army attacks France
France Falls
June 1940
Dunkirk
300,009 troops saved in “Miracle at Dunkirk”
Phase 1:
Operation Barbarossa
Hitler leaves Blitzkrieg into Russia
“General Winter” sets in
Thousands of German soldiers freeze to death
The Holocaust
Within months of assuming power, Hitler begins
Identifying Jews
Nazis define Jews as people with Jewish grandparents regardless of religion
I.D. Cards/names
Early Policies
1935-Nuremberg Laws, strip Jews of citizenship rights
Kristallnacht
Madagascar Plan
Fleeing Europe
One in four Jews flee Germany (1933-7)
Flee to US, Latin America, Palestine
The St. Louis
May 1939 German ship Departs Hamburg for Cuba Denied entry in Cuba, Miami, and Canada Passengers dispersed between GB, France, Belgium, and the Netherlands Roughly 1/4 die in death camps
Wannasee Conference
1942
Jews in German occupied areas already being killed –>
Einsatzgruppen
Nazi party decides on genocide of all European Jews
Denial
Holocaust didn’t happen
It happened
Eisenhower handed executive order (“crusade”)
American/British press played it down
