AP Bio Chapter 16 Part 2 and Chapter 17 Part 1 Flashcards
What help mediate the packing of bad pair
Chromosomal protein
Chromosomes
Densely packed double stranded DNA molecules with hundreds of millions of base pairs
What is the DNA “model”
DNA molecule double helix
What base pair takes more energy to break and why
GC because it has 3 H bonds instead of 2
What does 5’ refer to
Carbon on sugar
What is the phosphate group sugar part called and what is it in the DNA molecules
Sugar phosphate backbone, identical in all DNA
If you know one side of DNA,
You know the other
What type of bonds do nucleotides form
Covalently bonded
What type of bonds do bases form
Hydrogen
How many times do DNA wrap around histones to form chromosomes
1 1/3 (10 nm) fiber
What do all the DNA wrapped histones form
Nucleosomes
What’s the Central dogma idea
DNA codes for RNA, RNA codes for proteins
NOT 100% ACCURATE
(Allows for gene expression)
Who coined the phrase central dogma to explain what
Francis crick
How information flows in cells
Because it’s easy to see how DNA is copied by looking at its structure, what type of replication is it
Semi conservative
What are the other types of DNA replication
Conservative or dispersive
What did meselson and stahl prove
Semi-conservative model of replication (1958)
“The most beautiful experiment in biology”
Mutability
The ability of mutations, if there was never any mutations, no new genes could pop up, such is essential to evolution
