AP Bio Chapters 8-10 Mastering Biology Part 2 Flashcards
What are the by products of cellular respiration
Heat CO2 and water
In your body what process converts the chemical energy found in glucose into the chemical energy found in ATP
Cellular respiration
A reaction that is at equilibrium isn’t capable of
Doing any work
Which type of reaction occurs spontaneously
EXERgonic
In endergonic reactions, the products contain ______ potential energy than the reactants
More
What is energy coupling
the use of energy released from an exergonic reaction to drive an endergonic reactions
What type of reaction breaks the bonds that join the phosphate groups in an ATP molecule
Hydrolysis
If an enzyme is operating at optimum temperature and ph and has been saturated with substrate, how can you increase the rate of the reaction
Increase the enzyme concentration
An enzyme is ________________ when it loses its native conformation and biological activity
Denatured
Catalyst
Speeds up chemical reactions without being used up
A __________ binds to an enzyme and plays a role in catalysis (vitamin)
Cofactor
When properly aligned, the enzyme and substrate form and enzyme substrate
Complex
A substrate binds to the enzyme at the what, and what occurs here
Active sit, reaction
In a catalyzed reaction a reactant is called a
Substrate
What are the inputs of light reactions
NADP+
ADP
water
Light
What are the outputs of light reactions
NADH
ATP
O2
What are the inputs for dark reactions
NADPH
ATP
CO2
What are the outputs for dark reactions
NADP+
g3p (a sugar)
ADP
In light reactions, light energy is used to oxidize __________ to ______
H2O to O2
The electrons derived from this oxidation reaction in the light reactions are used to reduced _____________ to _______________
NAD+ to NADPH
The Calvin cycle oxidizes the light reactions product __________ to ____________
NADPH to NAD+
The electrons derived from this oxidation reaction in the Calvin cycle are used to reduce __________ to ___________
CO2 to G3P (a sugar)
In light reactions of photosynthesis, energy in sunlight is converted into chemical and redox energy in the form of __________ and ___________
ATP and NADH
In light reactions what occurs in Photosystem II only
Oxidation of water
The reduction of electron transport chain between the two photosystems
