AP Bio Chapter 53 Part 1 Flashcards
What emerges from species interactions in the communities
Properties of how organisms interact with one another
Community
All the populations in a contingous area
What are these properties
Competition Predation Herbivory Symbiosis Facilitation
Competition
2 or more species compete for a resource that is in short supply
(-/-) a loss for both
What are the two types of competition
Interspecific and conspecific
Interspecific
Between 2 different species
Conspecific
Within a species
Niche
An organism’s job/how it lives/what it does
All of an organism’s interactions in its environment
What limits an organism’s niche
Competition
What are the 2 types of niche
Fundamental and realized niche
Fundamental niche
Maximum possible niche
Realized niche
Actual niche
What are the 2 types of effects of competition
Competitive exclusion
Resource partitioning
Competitive exclusion
One species will outcompete the other when 2 species have overlapping niches –> leads to only one species occupying a niche at a time
Resource partitioning
Competition drives species w overlapping niches to adapt to non-overlapping resource pools. They adapt to one another, ex one lives high, another lives low
Predation and what does it drive
One species (predator) eats and kills another species (prey) +/- Drives many interactions
Name the interactions predation drives
Coloration
Mimicry
What are the 2 types of coloration
Cryptic
Aposematic
Cryptic coloration
Camouflage/other coloration that CONFUSES predators
Aposematic coloration
WARNING coloration, advertising a threat to predators
What are the 2 types of mimicry
Batesium
Mullerian
Batesium
A harmless species mimics a harmful species by developing the same coloration
Mullerian
2 or more species that are harmful with common predators look the same (mimic each other)
Herbivory
One species (herbivore) eats part of a producer (plant or algae) a +/- interaction
What has producers evolved
Many adaptations to control herbivory ex. Furry peapods
