AP Bio Chapter 6.1 Part 2 organelles Flashcards
Structure and function of ribosomes
A complex of RNA and protein 2 subunits “large” and “small”
Eukaryotic ribosomes are larger than prokaryotic ribosomes
A site of protein synthesis, using an RNA transcript of a gene
What is the structure and function of the nucleus
A double membrane, with protein pore channels
It is the site of DNA storage and replication, information relay to ribosomes
Free ribosomes
Floating in cytoplasm
Make proteins that stay in the cytoplasm
Bound ribosomes
Attached to ER
Make proteins that go into membranes, or are exported from the cell
Ribosomes become free/bound based on the protein they are making
Structure and function of ER
A network of membrane channels attached to the nuclear membrane
Rough ER compartmentalizes the cell, provides structural support, and targeted protein synthesis. Smooth ER synthesizes lipids for the cell (for things like membranes) detoxifies compounds, breaks down glycogen
Structure and function of Vesicles
A small compartment surrounded by a membrane
Various function depending on contents
Structure and function of Golgi apparatus
A series of flattened, membrane bound sacs
Synthesis, modification and packaging of molecules
Structure and function of plasma membrane
A phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins
Controls transport of matter into and out of the cell. Receives/sends messages with the environment
What are inside lysosomes
Digestive enzymes
What does the mitochondria break down stored sugar for
Oxygen
Where do photosynthetic organisms get energy from
The sun
Where are the receptors of the cell located
A plasma membrane
Where does the bulk of oxygen come from
Algae and photosynthetic organisms
