AP Bio Chapter 9 Part 1 Flashcards
What occurs in aerobic reactions after glycolysis
- 2 pyruvate enter the mitochondria
- Carbon dioxide comes off
- Acetyl CoA sticks to the molecule
- 1 NAD+ gets reduced to NADH
Metabolic pathways
Any given chemical reaction in your bodies
How does substrate level phosphorylation generate ATP
Enzyme grabs ADP and phosphate and binds them to make ATP
Name the steps of the Krebs cycle
- The Acetyl group from pyruvate is attached to oxalocetate, forming citric acid (citrate)
- The carbons from the Acetyl group are oxidized into 2 CO
- The 3 molecules of NAD+ are reduced into NADH
- 1 molecule of FAD is reduced to FADH
- 1 ATP is produced
- The citrate is converted back into oxalocetate of Acetyl processes
Inputs of acetyl process
1 pyruvate
2 NAD+
Outputs of Acetyl process
1 Acetyl coA
1 CO
1 NADH
Inputs Krebs cycle
1 Acetyl coA
3 NAD+
1 FAD
1 ADP
Outputs of Krebs cycle
2 CO2
3 NADH
1 FADH2
1 ATP
What is the ultimate goal of these processes, and what are the ways you can go about doing this
You want ATP
Bulk is made in oxidative phosphorylation (chemiosmotic coupling)
Or substrate level phosphorylation
How does oxygen affect the oxidative phosphorylation process
Oxygen pulls on an electron (forms an electron vacuum). If oxygen isn’t present, electrons won’t move down gradient (ETC)
How were the electrons in the Krebs Cycle used from Acetyl coA
They were added onto NAD+ to reduce to NADH
Where does chemiosmotic coupling take place
Mitochondria
Electrons from what compounds are transferred where in CC
Electrons from NADH + H+ transferred to carrier protons to go across membrane
What about protons in CC is used to make ATP
The movement from protons in intermembrane space from ATP synthase creates ATP from ADP and a phosphate into the matrix
