AP Bio Chapter 21 Part 1 Flashcards
What questions did people ask at the time?
Had life always existed as it does now? Was it always changing? How old was the earth? Bible ~7000 y/o
What did Darwin not do and what was pretty standard in the 19th century
Freestyle evolution from nothing
Thinking about life was a pretty standard scientific fairs for the 19th century
Describe sedimentary rock layers
Strata
“Younger” stratum with more recent fossils is near the top
“Older” stratum with older fossils is nearer to the bottom
What is the comparison of younger and older strata called
Relative dating
What is it when fossils are mixed with radioactive chemicals
Carbon dating (absolute dating)
What did Thomas Malthus declare and how did he back it up
Populations had the ability to grow exponentially, but don’t because of competition for limited resources
What did religious people see as extinction
Does god get tired of some organisms? Isn’t god perfect?
Uniformitarianism
The process happening in earth now are similar to those that happened in the past
What were the “principles of geology”
Very old earth
- Life evolves
- Inheritance of acquired characteristics
- Law of use and disuse
Who came up with the principles of geology
Jean Baptiste Lamarck
Describe Darwin’s private life
A remarkably unspectacular young life
Comfortable family wealth
Notoriously undecided about a job (med school, parsonage, naturalist)
Family connections get him a job as captains companion on HMS Beagle
What did Darwin do on the Beagle
Circumnavigation of the globe took 5 years
Became the ship’s naturalist
Read, collected, wrote, and thought
What was the Galápagos Islands and what animals did it contain
An important stop for Darwin, weird interesting animals
Marine Iguanas
Giant Tortoises
Finches
Marine Iguanas
The only swimming lizard in the world
Algae eaters
Giant Tortoises
All species have different shell shapes due to different cactus plants on different islands
Finches
12 species of Galapagos finch
Different beak structure driven by different feeding behavior
All share a common immigrant finch ancestor
Only example of natural selection in “the origin of species”
What did Darwin do after his exploration
Came home Published his journal Married his cousin Had 4 children Buried 1 Did a lot of other work Didn't publish theory for 20 years
