APUSH Chapter 26 and 27 Part 3

Question 1

Fireside Chats

Answer 1

FDR delivers 30 radio addresses between 1933-1944
Topics include domestic issues foreign policy economic theories
Friendly tone / manner “my friends”
Reassuring boost of confidence for may Americans

Question 2

Midterm Election 1934

Answer 2

Eleanor Roosevelt campaigns aggressively
Democrats prevail
FDR reads as mandate –>vote of confidence to continue good work
Begins “second hundred days”

Question 3

The second New Deal

Answer 3

Legislation passed between 1935-1938

Question 4

SSA

Answer 4

Social Security Act (1935)
Federal-state unemployment insurance
Security for old age–> monthly payments
Bitterly opposed by conservatives “a cult of leisure”
Reform

Question 5

The Wagner Act

Answer 5

1935 
Creates Nation Labor Relations Board 
Reassert right of labor to collectively bargain/strike 
Workers begin to form effective unions 
Reform

Question 6

WPA

Answer 6

Works Progress Administration
Put men to work on country’s infrastructure
$50,000 miles of highways
Bridges, reservoirs, playgrounds, parks
Federal Project #1 –> employs art, music, theater, writers historical records, slaves)
Recovery

Question 7

Women and the New Deal

Answer 7

Eleanor Roosevelt–> “his legs”
Sec. of Labor Frances Perkins. (1st Female Cabinet Member)
Mary McLeod Bethune (highest ranking African Americans in FDR admin)
However both groups continue to be marginalized

Question 8

New Deal Coalition

Answer 8

Diverse group who support FDR and New Deal Programs
Includes
Minorities, urban populations, immigrants, Labor Unions
Support will allow for Democrats to dominate politics for he next 20 years

Question 9

Election of 1936

Answer 9

FDR reads reelection as mandate

Question 10

The Court Packing Plan (1937)

Answer 10

Court had ruled against FDR in 7 or 9 cases dealing with the New Deal (including NRA)
FDR calls for the retirement of older justices
Justices who refuse will be given an assistant (appointed by FDR) w/ full voting rights
Congress rejects proposal
Death and resignations allow for FDR to appoint 9 Justices to SC by 1944
Conservatives in both parties begin to align against the New Deal
Few New Deal reforms passed after 1937
Dubbed the “Roosevelt recession”

Question 11

Keynesian

Answer 11

John Maynard Keynes –> English economist
Gov spending to “prime the pump”
i.e. Deficit spending
Spending above revenue
Becomes part of the American economics for decades

Question 12

The New Deal in Perspective

Answer 12

Long lasting social programs and infrastructure
Preservation of democracy in US (not in Germany or Italy)
Didn’t solve Great Depression