Study aid Virology

Question 1

1. What kind of disease can be caused by adenoviruses (3 examples)?

Answer 1

pharyngitis, pneumonia, pertussis syndrome, pharyngoconjuctival fever, acute
haemorrhagic cystitis, gastroenteritis

Question 2

2. How can parvoviruses spread?

Answer 2

by respiratory droplets

Question 3

3. What kind of disease can be caused by parvoviruses (3 examples)?

Answer 3

erythema infectiosum, hydrops fetalis, aplastic anaemia

Question 4

4. What kind of diseases can be caused by high-risk group papillomaviruses?

Answer 4

cervix cancer, tumour in oral cavity

Question 5

5. What kind of diseases can be caused by low-risk group papillomaviruses?

Answer 5

condyloma acuminatum, warts

Question 6

6. What can HHV1 (Herpes simplex virus 1) cause?

Answer 6

herpes labialis, herpes simplex dermatitis, eczema herpeticum, herpes gladiatorum,
herpetic whitlow

Question 7

7. What can HHV2 (Herpes simplex virus 2) cause?

Answer 7

herpes genitalis, neonatal herpes, encephalitis

Question 8

8. How can HHV1 and HHV2 infections treated?

Answer 8

by acyclovir

Question 9

9. What can VZV (Varicella Zooster virus) cause?

Answer 9

chickenpox and shingles

Question 10

10. How can chickenpox prevented?

Answer 10

By vaccine (live attenuated)

Question 11

11. What can EBV (Epstein-Barr virus) cause?

Answer 11

mononucleosis infectiosa, Burkitt lymphoma, nasopharingeal carcinoma, oral hairy
leucoplakia

Question 12

12. What can CMV (Cytomegalovirus) cause?

Answer 12

hepatitis, pancreatitis, pneumonitis, nephritis, myocarditis, encephalitis, chorioretinitis,
oesophagitis, colitis, congenital infections

Question 13

13. What can HHV-6 cause?

Answer 13

encephalitis, pneumonitis, chorioretinitis, exanthema subitum or roseola infantum

Question 14

14. What can HHV-7 cause?

Answer 14

encephalitis, flaccid paralysis, hepatitis, gastritis, lymphadenopathy, diarrhoea, pityriasis
rosea

Question 15

15. What can HHV-8 cause?

Answer 15

Kaposi-sarcoma, lymphoma

Question 16

16. How can Hepatitis B virus spread?

Answer 16

by parenteral way, by sexual contact or perinatal

Question 17

17. How can Hepatitis B virus infection treated?

Answer 17

by interferon, by nucleotide analogues

Question 18

18. How can Molluscum contagiosum virus spread and what can cause?

Answer 18

by direct contact and cause benign tumour of the skin

Question 19

19. What can Poliovirus cause?

Answer 19

aseptic meningitis, poliomyelitis, post-polio syndrome

Question 20

20. What can Coxsackie A and B viruses cause?

Answer 20

A: herpangina, hand-foot-mouth disease, acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis
B: pleurodynia or Bronholm disease, myocarditis, pancreatitis

Question 21

21. What can Rhinoviruses cause?

Answer 21

sore throat, running nose, coughing

Question 22

22. How can Hepatitis A virus spread?

Answer 22

by faecal oral rout, by contaminated food, by contaminated water

Question 23

23. How can Caliciviruses spread and what can cause?

Answer 23

by faecal oral rout, by contaminated water, by aerosol. Can cause diarrhoea vomiting.

Question 24

24. Hon can Rotaviruses spread and what can cause?

Answer 24

by faecal oral rout and can cause diarrhoea and vomiting

Question 25

25. How can Hepatitis E virus spread and what can cause?

Answer 25

by contaminated water, by raw pig and boar meat, rarely by blood transfusion and
transplacental. Can cause acute hepatitis.

Question 26

26. How can spread the causative agent of yellow fever?

Answer 26

by mosquito bite from human to human or from monkey to human.

Question 27

27. How can Hepatitis C virus spread?

Answer 27

by parenteral way, by blood, by tattooing

Question 28

28. Which population is at risk during the Rubella virus infection?

Answer 28

pregnant women because can cause in utero infections (congenital rubella syndrome)

Question 29

29. How can Influenza viruses spread and what can cause (3 examples)?

Answer 29

By respiratory droplets. Symptoms: high fever, fatigue, muscle pain, head ache, sometimes-
gastrointestinal symptoms.

Question 30

30. How can Morbillivirus spread and what can cause?

Answer 30

by respiratory droplets and can cause measles with exanthemas and Koplic spots.

Question 31

31. What kind of complication may develop during measles?

Answer 31

pneumonia, encephalitis and SSPE: subacute sclerotizing panencephalitis

Question 32

32. How can Mumpsvirus spread and what are the symptoms?

Answer 32

by respiratory droplets. Symptoms are: inflammation of salivary gland, pancreatitis, orchitis,
deafness

Question 33

33. What is the causative agent of rabies?

Answer 33

Lyssa virus.

Question 34

34. How can rabies prevented?

Answer 34

by vaccine administered post exposure

Question 35

35. What is the treatment of HIV infection?

Answer 35

By combination of nucleotide analogue and protease inhibitors

Question 36

36. How can HTLV-1 spread?

Answer 36

by sexual contact, by blood and transplacental or by breast-feeding

Question 37

37. How can Dengue-fever virus spread?

Answer 37

by mosquito bite.

Question 38

38. List two members of Flaviviruses.

Answer 38

Yellow-fever virus, Dengue-fever virus, tick born encephalitis virus, Zika-virus.

Question 39

39. What does arbovirus mean?

Answer 39

arthropod born viruses.

Question 40

40. List two diseases caused by prions

Answer 40

kuru, fatal familiar insomnia, Creutzfeldt–Jacob-syndrome, bovine spongiform encephalitis