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AA Microbio Semifinal > II. Systemic Bacteriology | 4. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis, S. agalactiae, Peptostreptococcus. > Flashcards

II. Systemic Bacteriology | 4. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis, S. agalactiae, Peptostreptococcus. Flashcards

1
Q

I. Streptococcus agalactiae
1. What are the features of Streptococcus agalactiae?

A

GBS, group B streptococcus

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2
Q

I. Streptococcus agalactiae
8. What are the features of CAMP test?

A
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3
Q

I. Streptococcus agalactiae
2. What is the Microscopic morphology of S. agalactiae?

A

Gram-positive cocci, arranged in shorter or longer chains

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4
Q

I. Streptococcus agalactiae
7. What do we get from Laboratory identification of S. agalactiae?

A

GBS, group B streptococcus

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5
Q

I. Streptococcus agalactiae
3. What is the Colony morphology (cultivation) of S. agalactiae?

A

– larger colonies compared to S. pyogenes
– β-hemolysis
– requires blood agar

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6
Q

I. Streptococcus agalactiae
4A. What are the main features of S. agalactiae diseases?

A

GBS, group B streptococcus

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7
Q

I. Streptococcus agalactiae
4B. Explain the early onset of S. agalactiae diseases?

A
  • within 6 days
  • source: mother (perinatal infection) -> maternal screening!!
  • risk groups (e.g. low weight)
  • meningitis, sepsis, pneumonia
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8
Q

I. Streptococcus agalactiae
4C. explain the late onset of S. agalactiae diseases?

A
  • within 4 months
  • meningitis, bacteremia, osteoarthritis
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9
Q

I. Streptococcus agalactiae
5. Why do we need S. agalactiae maternal screening?

A
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10
Q

I. Streptococcus agalactiae
9. What are the treatment and prevention for Streptococcus agalactiae?

A
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11
Q

I. Streptococcus agalactiae
10. Do we have vaccination for Streptococcus agalactiae?

A

no vaccination
* vaccine development in early clinical phases
* based on capsular polysaccharide, surface proteins, or pili

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12
Q

I. Streptococcus agalactiae
10. Do we have vaccination for Streptococcus agalactiae?

A

no vaccination
* vaccine development in early clinical phases
* based on capsular polysaccharide, surface proteins, or pili

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13
Q

II. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)
1. What are the features of Streptococcus pneumoniae?

A
  • No.1. causative agent of community acquired pneumonia (CAP)!
  • severe, lobar pneumonia
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14
Q

II. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)
2. Give the classification of pneumococcal infections

A
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15
Q

II. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)
3. How do we perform laboratory identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae?

A
  1. microscope: Gram + diplococci
  2. culture: blood agar, 5% CO2
    - α-hemolysis, autolytic colonies
    - optochin sensitive
    - bile soluble
  3. Capsule detection
    - With antibody (capsule swelling test, agglutination)
    - capsular staining
  4. Optochin sensitivity
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16
Q

II. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)
4. How should the culture for Streptococcus pneumoniae in Laboratory identification be?

A

culture: blood agar, in 5% CO2
- α-hemolysis, autolytic colonies

17
Q

II. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)
4. How do we differentiate Streptococcus pneumoniae from he morphologically similar viridans streptococci?

A
  1. optochin sensitivity
  2. bile solubility
  3. detection of capsule
  4. serology
    - with antibody (capsule swelling test1, agglutination2)
    - capsular staining (India ink3)
18
Q

II. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)
5. What are the treatment and prevent for Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)?

A
  • penicillin susceptibility not 100% (but still >90%) -> testing!!
  • wide ‚intermediate’ category
  • alternative drug: macrolides (children!)
19
Q

II. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)
6. Do we need vaccine for Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)?

A

Vaccines: based on the capsular polysaccharide (subunit vaccine)
- 101 different capsular antigens (= 101 serotypes)
- vaccines contain only a portion of these

20
Q

II. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)
7. What are the 3 types of Pneumococcal vaccines?

A
  1. Pneumovax 23
  2. Prevenar-13
  3. New conjugate vaccines coming soon
21
Q

II. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)
7B. What are the feature of Pneumovax 23?

A
  • polysaccharide vaccine
  • for adults or >5y children
  • 23 capsular antigens (=serotypes)
22
Q

II. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)
7C. What are the feature of Prevenar-13?

A
  • < 2 y children (at 2, 4, 12 months)
  • conjugated vaccine (=polysaccharide is conjugated to a carrier protein; PCV)
  • 13 serotypes (PCV-13)
23
Q

II. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)
7D. What are the feature of Prevenar-13?

24
Q

II. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)
8. What are the features of Pneumococcus asymptomatic carriage?

25
III. Enterococci 1. What are the 2 important species of Enterococci?
Enterococci (formerly streptococci) - several species, but: +) E. faecalis (80-90%) +) E. faecium (5-15%)
26
III. Enterococci 1. What are features of Enterococci?
- Normal flora of the large intestine - Infections: nosocomial - E. faecalis (80-90%), E. faecium (5-15%)
27
III. Enterococci 2. What is the Microscopic morphology of Enterococci?
Gram-positive cocci, arranged in pairs or short chains
28
III. Enterococci 3. Describe Colony morphology (cultivation) of Enterococci
– non-fastidious (simple agar is sufficient) – non-hemolytic (later weak α or β) – resistant to bile, salt (6.5% NaCl), high T (60oC 30 min) – chromogenic agar for the easy detection of VRE
29
III. Enterococci 3. Describe Colony morphology (cultivation) of Enterococci
– non-fastidious (simple agar is sufficient) – non-hemolytic (later weak α or β) – resistant to bile, salt (6.5% NaCl), high T (60oC 30 min) – chromogenic agar for the easy detection of VRE
30
III. Enterococci 4. What are the treatments and prevention for Enterococci
31
III. Enterococci 5. Do we have vaccination for Enterococci?
NO!
32
IV. Peptostreptococcus 1. what are the features of Peptostreptococcus
- normal flora of oral cavity, intestine and vagina - obligate anaerobe! - produce stinking gases - infections: abscesses (lung, brain) - treatment: metronidazole, clindamycin
33
IV. Peptostreptoccus 2. What is the treatment for Peptostreptoccus?
metronidazole, clindamycin
34
V. Extra 1. What a diagram to demonstrate Gram-positive lab algorithm?

AA Microbio Semifinal (99 decks)

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