IA. General Microbiology | 21. Non-obligatory vaccines used against bacteria and viruses.

Question 1

I. Non-obligatory vaccines used against viruses
1. What are the 5 major non-obligatory vaccines used against viruses?

Answer 1

1. Rotavirus
2. Tick-borne enchephalitis virus
3. HPV (non-obligatory but free for 12yrs old girls, recommended)
4. Influenza
5. Hepatitis A

Question 2

I. Non-obligatory vaccines used against viruses
2. What are the features of vaccination against Rotavirus?

Answer 2

1. When? - can be administered from 6-8 weeks of age
2. What’s in it? - live attenuated Rotavirus
3. For what? - to prevent gastroenteritis caused by Rotavirus
4. Route of administration: orally

Question 3

I. Non-obligatory vaccines used against viruses
2. What are the features of vaccination against Tick-borne enchephalitis virus?

Answer 3

1. When? - from 1-2 yrs of age
2. What’s in it? - inactivated tick-borne enchepalitis virus
3. For what? - to prevent said enchepalitis
4. Route of administration: parenterally

Question 4

I. Non-obligatory vaccines used against viruses
3. What are the features of vaccination against HPV?

Answer 4

1. When?
   - 12yrs of age
2. What’s in it?
   - recombinant Papillomavirus proteins
3. For what?
   - to prevent cervical cancer (there are different kind of vaccines, nowadays we are using a 9-valent vaccine, to prevent diseases caused by 9 different type of HPV
   - Types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58)
4. Route of administration: parenterally

Question 5

I. Non-obligatory vaccines used against viruses
4. What are the features of vaccination against Influenza?

Answer 5

1. When?
   - from 6 months of age
2. What’s in it?
   - inactivated influenzavirus
3. For what?
   - to prevent seasonal flu (depending on the year, they can change which viruses are added into the vaccines (H & N antigens)
4. Route of administration: parenterally

Question 6

I. Non-obligatory vaccines used against viruses
5. What are the features of vaccination against Hepatitis A?

Answer 6

1. When?
   - from 12 months of age
2. What’s in it?
   - inactivated Hepatitis A virus
3. For what?
   - to prevent hepatitis
4. Route of administration: peranterally

Question 7

II. Non-obligatory vaccines used against bacteria
1. Give an example of Non-obligatory vaccines used against bacteria?

Answer 7

1. Neisseria meningitidis

Question 8

II. Non-obligatory vaccines used against bacteria
2A. What are the 3 types of vaccines against Neisseria meningitidis

Answer 8

• B serotype
• C serotpype
• ACWY serotypes ( four meningococcal serotypes)

Question 9

II. Non-obligatory vaccines used against bacteria
2B. What are the features of B serotype vaccines against Neisseria meningitidis?

Answer 9

1. When?
   - From 2 months of age
2. What’s in it?
   - recombinated outer coat proteins of B serotype
3. For what?
   - to prevent meningitis caused by Neisseria
4. Route of administration: parenterally

Question 10

II. Non-obligatory vaccines used against bacteria
2C. What are the features of C serotype vaccines against Neisseria meningitidis?

Answer 10

1. When?
   - from 2 months of age
2. What’s in it?
   - meningococcal group C polysaccharide conjugated vaccine
3. For what?
   - to prevent meningitis caused by Neisseria
4. Route of administration: parenterally

Question 11

II. Non-obligatory vaccines used against bacteria
2D. What are the features ofACWY serotypes ( four meningococcal serotypes) vaccines against Neisseria meningitidis?

Answer 11

1. When?
   - from 6 weeks of age
2. What’s in it?
   - protein conjugated capsule polysaccharides from ACWY serotypes
3. For what?
   - to prevent meningitis caused by Neisseria
4. Route of administration: parenterally