IA. General Microbiology | 16. Non-toxic virulence factors of bacteria. Flashcards

1
Q

What are Non-toxic virulence factors?

A

substances on the surface and extracellular enzymes

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2
Q

I. Surface structures
1. What are the surface structures acting asNon-toxic virulence factors?

A
  • Capsule
  • Pili, fimbriae (e.g. E. coli)
  • Adhesins (e.g. B. pertussis)
  • F protein (fibronectin binding, S. pyogenes)
  • Protein A (IgG binding, S. aureus)
  • Lipoteichoic acid (S. pyogenes)
  • Invasins (provoked phagocytosis, e.g. Listeria)
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3
Q

I. Surface structures
2. What is the role of surface structures?

A

help in adhesion, mimicri, and avoid phagocytosis

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4
Q

I. Surface structures
3A. What are the features of capsule as non-toxic virulence factor?

A

Capsule → provides physical protection
- Helpful in avoiding phagocytosis, mechanical
defense, attachment to surfaces
- Made of polysaccharides, except in B. anthracis (poly-D-glutamic acid) and S.pyogenes (hyaluronic acid)
- Seen in: H. influenzae, Streptococcus pneumonia, Str. agalactiae, Neisseria meningitidis, E.coli, Bacillus anthracis

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5
Q

I. Surface structures
3B. What is the capsule made of?

A

Made of polusaccharides, except in B. anthracis (poly-D-glutamic acid) and S.pyogenes (hyaluronic acid)

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6
Q

I. Surface structures
3C. Where can you see capsule?

A

Seen in: H. influenzae, Streptococcus pneumonia, Str. agalactiae, Neisseria meningitidis, E.coli, Bacillus anthracis

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7
Q

I. Surface structures
4. Give example(s) of bacteria that have Pili, fimbriae

A

E. coli

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8
Q

I. Surface structures
5. Give example(s) of bacteria that have Adhesins

A

B. pertussis

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9
Q

I. Surface structures
6. Give example(s) of bacteria that have F protein

A

fibronectin binding, S. pyogenes

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10
Q

I. Surface structures
7. Give example(s) of bacteria that have Protein A

A

IgG binding, S. aureus

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11
Q

I. Surface structures
8. Give example(s) of bacteria that have Lipoteichoic acid

A

S. pyogenes

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12
Q

I. Surface structures
9. Give example(s) of bacteria that have Invasins

A

provoked phagocytosis, e.g. Listeria

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13
Q

II. Enzymes
1. What is the role of enzymes as non-toxic virulence factor?

A
  • For invasion and degradation
  • To avoid host defense (antiphagocytic)
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14
Q

II. Enzymes
2. What are the enzymes participating in invasion and degradation?

A
  • Hyaluronidase, collagenase (penetrate deeper into skin), elastase, phospholipase, fibrinolysin
  • Proteases, DNAse, RNAse, streptodornase, lecithinase, hemolysins
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15
Q

II. Enzymes
3. What are the enzymes participating in avoiding host defense (antiphagocytic)?

A
  • Coagulase, IgA protease, leukocidin (can lyse leukocytes)
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