III - A. Virology | 16. Paramyxoviruses (Mumps and Morbillivirus) Flashcards

1
Q

I. Basics
1. What are the 4 viruses belong Paramyxoviridae?

A
  • measles virus
  • parainfluenza virus
  • mumps virus
  • RSV virus
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2
Q

I. Basics
2. What are the genetic material and morphology of Paramyxoviridae?

A

1/ - ssRNA genome
2/ helical capsid
3/ enveloped virus

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3
Q

II. measles virus
1. Which genus does measles virus belong?

A

Morbillivirus

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4
Q

II. Measles virus
2. What is the feature of Measles virus?

A

Surface protein: neuraminidase (NA)

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5
Q

II. Measles virus
3. What is the source of infection of measles virus?

A

Infected individual

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6
Q

II. Measles virus
4. What is the route of transmission of measles virus?

A

through respiratory droplets

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7
Q

II. Measles virus
5. What is the pathomechanism?

A
  • infects respiratory epithelial cells
  • infects RES cells (liver, spleen) through 1st viraemia
  • infects skin epithelium and neurons through 2nd viraemia
  • rash is due to the immunreaction against infected epithelial cells
  • the virus has an immunosuppressive effect
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8
Q

II. Measles virus
6. What are the disease, signs and symptoms of measles virus?

A
  • highly contagious!
  • 7-13 days of incubation
  • fever, coughing, conjunctivitis
  • photophobia
  • Koplik spots (small buccal ulcers)
  • rash
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9
Q

II. Measles virus
7. What are complications of measles virus?

A
  • postinfection encephalitis (autoimmune disease, 7-10 days after disease onset)
  • pneumonia
  • SSPE (7 years after the acute infection, personality changes, blindness, memory issues, seizures)
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10
Q

II. Measles virus
8. What is the diagnosis for Measles virus?

A
  • based on signs and symptoms
  • respiratory sample - PCR, antigen detection
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11
Q

II. Measles virus
9. How do we preven Measles virus?

A

MMR vaccine

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12
Q

III. Mumps
1. What is the source of infection of mumps virus?

A

Infected individual

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13
Q

III. Mumps
2. What is the route of transmission of mumps virus?

A

Through respiratory droplets

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14
Q

III. Mumps
3. What is the pathomechanism of mumps virus?

A
  • infects the epithelial cells of the respiratory tract
  • infects the ductal cells of salivary glans through viraemia
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15
Q

III. Mumps
4. What are disease, signs and symptoms of mumps virus?

A
  • 10-14 days of incubation
  • flu like symptoms
  • painful and symmetric inflammation of salivary glands
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16
Q

III. Mumps
5. What are the complications of mumps virus?

A
  1. Can cause pancreatitis or orchitis => leads to sterility!
  2. Meningoencephalitis
17
Q

III. Mumps
6. What is the diagnosis of mumps virus?

A
  • based on signs and symptoms
  • virus detection from different samples (PCR, ELISA)
18
Q

III. Mumps
7. How do we prevent mumps?

A

MMR vaccine