II-A. Systemic Bacteriology | 26. Bacteroides. Fusobacterium. Porphyromonas. Prevotella. Actinobacillus Flashcards

1
Q

I. Obligate anaerobes
1. What are the features of Obligate anaerobes?

A
  • anaerobes could be found on almost all habitats of the microbiota
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2
Q

I. Obligate anaerobes
2. What are the natural habitats that you can find anaerobes?

A
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3
Q

I. Obligate anaerobes
3. What are Obligate anaerobes you can find on skin?

A

skin (pl. Propionibacterium, S. saccharolyticus)
- especially in sebaceous glands, hair follicles, sweat glands

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4
Q

I. Obligate anaerobes
4. What are Obligate anaerobes you can find in oral cavity?

A

oral cavity (Veillonella, Peptostreptococcus, Lactobacillus)
- crypts of tonsils and tongue
- gingival sacs, plaques

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5
Q

I. Obligate anaerobes
5. What are Obligate anaerobes you can find on vagina?

A

Lactobacillus

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6
Q

I. Obligate anaerobes
6. What are Obligate anaerobes you can find in GI tract?

A

Bacteroides, Clostridium, Clostridioides, Lactobacillus

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7
Q

I. Obligate anaerobes
7. What are the most common Gram-negative anaerobes of the human microbiota?

A
  • Bacteroides, Prevotella, Porphyromonas
  • Fusobacterium
  • Veillonella
  • Pepto- streptococcus
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8
Q

I. Obligate anaerobes
8. What are the most common Gram-positive anaerobes of the human microbiota?

A
  • Actinomyces
  • Lactobacillus
  • Bifidobacterium, Eubacterium, Arachnia
  • Propionibacterium
  • Clostridium
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9
Q

II. Bacteroides genus
1. What are the main features of Bacteroides genus?

A
  • thin rods, parts of GI normal microbiota
  • most common culturable anaerobe genus in the GI
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10
Q

II. Bacteroides genus
2. What is the most important species of Bacteroides genus?

A

Bacteriodies fragilis
* present in 10^11 CFU / g stool!

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11
Q

II. Bacteroides genus
3. What are the diseases caused by Bacteroides genus?

A

endogenic infections (the source is usually the patients own microbiota)
* peritonitis
* wound infections
* biliary tract infections (cholangitis, cholecystitis)

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12
Q

II. Bacteroides genus
4. How do we do laboratory identification for Bacteroides genus?

A

culturing + biochemical reactions (old-fashioned)

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13
Q

III. Prevotella genus
1. What are the important species of Prevotella genus?

A

Prevotella melaninogenicus, P. bivia, P. disiens

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14
Q

III. Prevotella genus
2. What are the features of P. melaninogenicus?

A
  • thin rods or coccobacilli
  • might be isolated from upper respiratory tract infections and oral abscesses
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15
Q

III. Prevotella genus
2. What are the features of P. bivia, P. disiens?

A

could be found in female genital tract

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16
Q

IV. Porphyromonas genus
1. What is the feature of Porphyromonas genus?

A

part of normal oral microbiota

17
Q

IV. Porphyromonas genus
2. What is the important species of Porphyromonas genus?

A

Porphyromonas gingivalis

18
Q

IV. Porphyromonas genus
3. What is the feature of Porphyromonas gingivalis?

A
  • might be isolated from oral abscesses, periodontitis
  • gingipain pruduction (protease): might be an important factor in Alzheimer’s?!
19
Q

IV. Fusobacterium genus
1. What is the feature of Fusobacterium genus?

A

part of normal oral microbiota

20
Q

IV. Fusobacterium genus
2. What is the important species of Fusobacterium genus?

A

Fusobacterium nucleatum

21
Q

IV. Fusobacterium genus
3. What are the features of Fusobacterium genus?

A
  • might be isolated from oral abscesses, periodontitis
  • produces H2S, butiric- and propionic acid
22
Q

IV. Fusobacterium genus
4. What is the disease caused by Fusobacterium nucleatum?

A

acute nectorising, ulcerative gingivitis (Plaut-Vincent angina)
- fuso-spirochetosis (F. nucleatum + Treponema vincenti)
- painful, bleeding gums
- unilateral ulcerative tonsillitis
- halithosis (odorous breath)

23
Q

V. Laboratory diagnosis for Bacteroides, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Fusobacterium
1. What is Laboratory diagnosis for Bacteroides, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Fusobacterium?

A
24
Q

V. Laboratory diagnosis for Bacteroides, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Fusobacterium
2. How do we culture for Laboratory diagnosis of Bacteroides, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Fusobacterium?

A
25
Q

VI. Treatment and prevention for Bacteroides, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Fusobacterium
1. What is the treatment for Bacteroides, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Fusobacterium?

A
  1. State of art surgical management
  2. Antibiotics: metronidazol (Flagyl), clindamycin, chloramphenicol, penicillin
26
Q

VI. Treatment and prevention for Bacteroides, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Fusobacterium
2. What is the prevention for Bacteroides, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Fusobacterium?

A
  • No specific measure are available for prevention
  • State of management of contaminated wounds preventing from anaerobic conditions is essential
  • Correct oral hygiene and its education are important