II-A. Systemic Bacteriology | 23. Borrelia, Leptospira Flashcards
I. Borrelia
1. What is the morphology of Borrelia?
- Larger spirochetes,
- Gram Negative (-)
- Microaerophilic
- Difficult to culture
I. Borrelia
2. What are the important species of Borrelia?
- Borrelia recurrentis
- Borrelia burgdorferi, B. afzelii, B. garnii
I. Borrelia - Borrelia recurrentis
3. What is Borrelia recurrentis?
pathogen of recurrent fever
I. Borrelia - Borrelia recurrentis
4. What is the role of virulence factors of Borrelia recurrentis?
- might neutralize the complement system
- able to change its surface antigens!
I. Borrelia - Borrelia recurrentis
5. What is the source oof infection of Borrelia recurrentis?
infected person
I. Borrelia - Borrelia recurrentis
5. What is the route of transmission of Borrelia recurrentis?
by the bite of body louse
I. Borrelia - Borrelia recurrentis
6A. What is the disease caused by Borrelia recurrentis?
recurrent fever
(* 2-16 days long incubation period (7 days on average)
* fever, chills, headache, muscle pain
* symptoms disappear after 3-5 days
* symptoms restart on average a week later (due to the antigenic change of the
bacterium))
I. Borrelia - Borrelia recurrentis
6B. What are the symptoms of recurrent fever?
- 2-16 days long incubation period (7 days on average)
- fever, chills, headache, muscle pain
- symptoms disappear after 3-5 days
- symptoms restart on average a week later (due to the antigenic change of the
bacterium)
I. Borrelia - Borrelia recurrentis
7A. What is the diagnosis for the disease (recurrent fever) caused by Borrelia recurrentis
I. Borrelia - Borrelia recurrentis
7B. How do we do sampling to diagnose disease (recurrent fever) caused by Borrelia recurrentis
sampling: blood culture, blood (for serology)
I. Borrelia - Borrelia recurrentis
7C. How do we do laboratory to diagnose disease (recurrent fever) caused by Borrelia recurrentis
- examination of Giemsa-stained blood smear
- culturing (Kelly-medium)
- serology (ELISA)
I. Borrelia - Borrelia recurrentis
8. What is the empirical therapy and prevention for Borrelia recurrentis
- tetracyclines: Jarisch-Heixheimer reaction might occur
- ectoparasite eradication
I. Borrelia
9. What are the pathogens of Lyme’s disease?
Borrelia burgdorferi, B. afzelii, B. garnii
I. Borrelia - Borrelia burgdorferi, B. afzelii, B. garnii
10. What is the source of infection of Borrelia burgdorferi, B. afzelii, B. garnii?
infected/carrier animals, ticks (zoonotic!)
I. Borrelia - Borrelia burgdorferi, B. afzelii, B. garnii
11. What is the route of transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi, B. afzelii, B. garnii?
through the bite of ticks (vector borne!)