Study aid part 2 (43 - 70) Flashcards
- Which bacteria can be differentiated with the catalase test?
a. Staphylococci (+) and Streptococci (-)
- Which bacteria can be differentiated with the coagulase test?
a. Staphylococcus aureus (+) and the other staphylococcus species (-, so called „coagulase- negative staphylococci”)
- Microscopic morphology of Staphylococci
a. Gram-positive cocci, arranged in grape-like structures
- Colony morphology of Staphylococcus aureus on blood agar plate
a. average size, round colonies with butter consistency, golden pigment production and beta-haemolysis
- What are the non-toxic virulence factors of Staphylococcus aureus? (3 example)
a. Protein A, endocoagulase (clumping factor), exocoagulase, adhezins, teicoic acid, hialuronidase, protease, lipase, DN-ase.
- What are the toxic virulence factors of Staphylococcus aureus?
a. Leucocidin, toxic shock syndrome toxin, exfoliative toxin, enterotoxin, haemolysin
- Disease (non toxin mediated) caused by Staphylococcus aureus?
a. Folliculitis, furuncle, carbuncle, impetigo, pneumonia, osteomyelitis, food poisoning.
- Diseases caused by Staphylococcus aureus exotoxins? (2 example)
a. Food poisoning, scalded skin syndrome, toxic shock syndrome
- List at least 2 coagulase-negative staphylococcus species (from the list provided below)!
a. S. epidermidis, S. saprophyticus, S. haemolyticus, S. lugdunensis
- Diseases caused by coagulase negative staphylococci?
a. Nosocomial infections, biofilm production on the surface of plastic devices.
- Which bacterium can cause „Honeymoon cystitis”?
a. Staphylococcus saprophyticus
- Colony morphology of Streptococcus pyogenes on blood agar plate
a. small, pin-point colonies, surrounded by large, strong beta-haemolytic zone
- Which streptococci show beta-haemolysis?
a. Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae
- Which streptococci show alpha-haemolysis?
a. Streptococcus pneumoniae and viridans streptococci (e.g. S. mutans, S. mitis, S. salivarius)
- Which species is the Lancefield group A streptococcus?
a. Streptococcus pyogenes
- Which species is the Lancefield group B streptococcus?
a. Streptococcus agalactiae
- What is the causative agent of scarlet fever?
a. Streptococcus pyogenes?
- Which bacterial virulence factor is the causative agent of scarlet fever?
a. Streptococcus pyrogenic exotoxin or erythrogenic toxin
- What is the capsule of S. pyogenes made of?
a. hyaluronic acid
- Diseases (non toxin mediated) cause by Streptococcus pyogenes? (3 examples)
a. Pharyngitis, tonsillitis, sinusitis, impetigo, erysipelas, necrotising fasciitis, scarlet fever, TSST
- What kind of post streptococcal infections can be caused by Streptococcus pyogenes?
a. Acute rheumatic fever, glomerulonephritis
- Which two streptococcus species show 100% penicillin sensitivity still now?
a. Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus agalactiae
- What kind of disease can be caused in new-borns by Streptococcus agalactiae?
a. In new born meningitis, sepsis, pneumonia.
- Which bacterium is the leading cause of neonatal meningitis?
a. Streptococcus agalactiae
- Microscopic morphology of Streptococcus pneumoniae
a. Gram-positive diplococci
- How can be prevented the invasive diseases caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae?
a. By 23 valent polysaccharide capsule vaccine or by 13 valent conjugated vaccine.
- Which two bacteria can be differentiated based on their optochin sensitivity / resistance?
a. S. pneumoniae (S) and viridans streptococci (R)
- What kind of disease can be cause by viridans group streptococci?
a. Dental decay or endocarditis.
