I-C. Protozoology | 29. Toxoplasma Flashcards
I. Toxoplasma
1. What are the features of toxoplasma
- Toxoplasma gondii is causative agent of toxoplasmosis
- Toxoplasma - Diseases caused by non-vector mediated pathogens
I. Toxoplasma
2. What is the route of transmission of Toxoplasma gondii?
- oocyst contaminated water, food
- cyst containing meat (not cooked well)
- transfusion
- transplacentary
I. Toxoplasma
3. What is pathomechanism of Toxoplasma gondii?
- tachyzoite forms from oocyst, which can infect many
organs (tissue destruction) - encystation in tissues (bradyzoite = cyst)
I. Toxoplasma
4. What are signs and symptoms of Toxoplasma gondii?
- may stay asymptomatic
- acute infection: fevere, muscle pain, lymphadenitis
- chronic lymphadenitis, myocarditis, encephalomyelitis
- in AIDS patients reactication can occur (sever encephalitis)
I. Toxoplasma
5. What is the features of congenital form of Toxoplasma gondii?
- premature birth
- severe congenital anomalies
- microcephaly, hydrocephaly
- later chorioretinitis
I. Toxoplasma
6. What is the diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii?
serology (Ig classes, titer change!)
I. Toxoplasma
7. What is the therapy of Toxoplasma gondii?
- in congenital form sulfonamide, pyrimethamine (teratogenic!)
- spiramycine (for pregnant women)
- pyrimethamine + sulfadiazin (for AIDS patients)
I. Toxoplasma
9. What are the risk groups of Toxoplasma gondii?
IDS immunocompromised and pregnant women (can cross placenta)
- Cause blindess, retardation, encephalitis, abortions of child → ocngenital toxoplasmosis
mediated pathogens
I. Toxoplasma
10. What is the lifecycle of Toxoplasma gondii?
- Develop in cat → infectious cysts in 3-4 days in environment → intaken by humans/other animals