I-C. Protozoology | 29. Toxoplasma Flashcards

1
Q

I. Toxoplasma
1. What are the features of toxoplasma

A
  • Toxoplasma gondii is causative agent of toxoplasmosis
  • Toxoplasma - Diseases caused by non-vector mediated pathogens
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2
Q

I. Toxoplasma
2. What is the route of transmission of Toxoplasma gondii?

A
  • oocyst contaminated water, food
  • cyst containing meat (not cooked well)
  • transfusion
  • transplacentary
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3
Q

I. Toxoplasma
3. What is pathomechanism of Toxoplasma gondii?

A
  • tachyzoite forms from oocyst, which can infect many
    organs (tissue destruction)
  • encystation in tissues (bradyzoite = cyst)
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4
Q

I. Toxoplasma
4. What are signs and symptoms of Toxoplasma gondii?

A
  • may stay asymptomatic
  • acute infection: fevere, muscle pain, lymphadenitis
  • chronic lymphadenitis, myocarditis, encephalomyelitis
  • in AIDS patients reactication can occur (sever encephalitis)
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5
Q

I. Toxoplasma
5. What is the features of congenital form of Toxoplasma gondii?

A
  1. premature birth
  2. severe congenital anomalies
    - microcephaly, hydrocephaly
    - later chorioretinitis
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6
Q

I. Toxoplasma
6. What is the diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii?

A

serology (Ig classes, titer change!)

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7
Q

I. Toxoplasma
7. What is the therapy of Toxoplasma gondii?

A
  • in congenital form sulfonamide, pyrimethamine (teratogenic!)
  • spiramycine (for pregnant women)
  • pyrimethamine + sulfadiazin (for AIDS patients)
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8
Q

I. Toxoplasma
9. What are the risk groups of Toxoplasma gondii?

A

IDS immunocompromised and pregnant women (can cross placenta)
- Cause blindess, retardation, encephalitis, abortions of child → ocngenital toxoplasmosis
mediated pathogens

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9
Q

I. Toxoplasma
10. What is the lifecycle of Toxoplasma gondii?

A
  • Develop in cat → infectious cysts in 3-4 days in environment → intaken by humans/other animals
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