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AA Microbio Semifinal > III - A. Virology | 9. Adeno- and Poxviruses > Flashcards

III - A. Virology | 9. Adeno- and Poxviruses Flashcards

1
Q

I. Adenoviruses
1. What are the genetic material and morphology of Adenoviruses?

A
  • Double stranded DNA viruses
  • Icosahedral shape
  • (Surface: fibers: antigens, binding to cell, toxic effect)
  • Non envelope – better survival in environment, outside human body
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2
Q

I. Adenoviruses
2. How does Adenoviruses spread?

A
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3
Q

I. Adenoviruses
3. What are the diseases caused by Adenoviruses?

A
  1. Respiratory infections
    - Acute pharyngitis
    - Pharyngoconjunctival fever
    - Pneumonia
  2. Other infections
    - Gastroenteritis
    - Conjuntivitis
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4
Q

I. Adenoviruses
4A. What are the respiratory infections caused by Adenoviruses?

A
  • Acute pharyngitis
  • Pharyngoconjunctival fever
  • Pneumonia
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5
Q

I. Adenoviruses
4B. What are the features of acute pharyngitis?

A
  • Frequent cause of acute infection of the throat
  • Pain, fever, muscle ache, coughing
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6
Q

I. Adenoviruses
4C. What are the features of Pharyngoconjunctival fever?

A
  • Mostly in children, small epidemics are possible
  • Pharyngitis with conjunctivitis – red, watery eye and throat pain
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7
Q

I. Adenoviruses
4D. What are the features of pneumonia?

A
  • Viral pneumonia may develop as complication of upper respiratory tract infection
  • May cause pertussis-like symptoms
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8
Q

I. Adenoviruses
5A. What are other infections caused by Adenoviruses (not respiratory infections)?

A
  1. Gastroenteritis
  2. Conjunctivitis
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9
Q

I. Adenoviruses
5B. What are the features of gastroenteritis caused by Adenoviruses?

A
  • Vomiting, watery diarrhea – frequent cause
  • Epidemics in communities of children
  • Risk: dehydration – replacement of lost fluids, orally or in IV form
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10
Q

I. Adenoviruses
5C. What are the features of conjunctivitis caused by Adenoviruses?

A
  • Red eye, watery discharge, itching, photophobia
  • Small epidemics
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11
Q

I. Adenoviruses
6. What are the diagnosis for adenovirus infections?

A
  • Usually based on clinical findings, lab diagnostics rarely
  • PCR, serology
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12
Q

I. Adenoviruses
7. What is the treatment for adenoviruses infections?

A

not available, usually self-limiting

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13
Q

I. Adenoviruses
8. What is the vaccination for adenoviruses infections?

A

VACCINATION is not available to prevent adenovirus infections
=> BUT adenoviruses are used in VACCINATION AGAINST OTHER VIRUSES!

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14
Q

I. Adenoviruses
9. What is the application of adenoviruses in medical treatment?

A
  • Adenoviruses are used in VACCINATION AGAINST OTHER VIRUSES!
  • adenoviruses of animals with limited infectivity in humans are used as vectors to deliver
    nucleic acid encoding antigens of other viruses to host cells
  • Eg. SARS-CoV2 vaccines: Sputnik and AstraZeneca
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15
Q

I. Adenoviruses
9. What is the application of adenoviruses in medical treatment?

A
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16
Q

II. Poxviruses
1. What are the genetic material and morphology of Poxviruses?

A
  • dsDNA genome
  • complex capsid
  • enveloped viruses
17
Q

II. Poxviruses
2. What are the 4 human pathogen poxviruses?

A
  • variola virus
  • cowpox virus
  • vaccinia virus
  • molluscum contagiosum virus
18
Q

II. Poxviruses - variola virus
1. What are the features of variola virus?

A
  • cause of smallpox (variola vera)
  • 2 different viruses with slightly different diseases (variola major és variola minor)
19
Q

II. Poxviruses - variola virus
2. What is the source of infection of variola virus?

A

exanthemes of the infected individual

21
Q

II. Poxviruses - variola virus
3. What is the route of transmission of variola virus?

A

infects the upper respiratory tract at first

21
Q

II. Poxviruses - variola virus
4. What is the pathomechanism of variola virus?

A
  • enters the lympatic system the the blood (primer viraemia)
  • during secunder viraemia it infects the internal organs, mucosal surfaces and
    the skin
22
Q

II. Poxviruses - variola virus
5. What are the signs and symptoms of disease caused by variola virus? (small pox?

A
  • vesicles, exanthems
    => necrotising then scaring
23
Q

II. Poxviruses - variola virus
6. What is the disease prognosis of variola virus?

A
  • 3 died out of 10 infected
  • asymptomatic infection was not typical
24
Q

II. Poxviruses - variola virus
7. What is the diagnostics of variola virus?

A
  • sampling from the lesions
  • direct EM or PCR
25
Q

II. Poxviruses - variola virus
8. History of variola

A
26
Q

II. Poxviruses - variola virus
9. What is the therapy for disease caused by variola virus?

A

therapy (if somehow re-emerges)
* vaccinia immunoglobulins (substracted from the blood of vaccinated individuals)
* cidofovir or methisazone

27
Q

II. Poxviruses - cowpox virus
10. What is the disease caused by cowpox virus?

A

causes exanthems on the udder of cattle

28
Q

II. Poxviruses - cowpox virus
11. What is the route of infection of cowpox virus?

A

through microfractures of the skin during milking

29
Q

II. Poxviruses - cowpox virus
12. What are the signs and symptoms of disease caused by cowpox virus?

A
  • ulcerating pustules
  • fever
  • lymphadenitis
30
Q

II. Poxviruses - cowpox virus
13. What is the important of cowpox virus?

A
  • smallpox was somehow milder in milkmaids infected by cowpox
  • Edward Jenner was the first to use cowpox for vaccination against
    smallpox
31
Q

II. Poxviruses - vaccinia virus
14. What are the features of vaccinia virus?

A
  1. The virus selected from the cowpox virus through centuries of laboratory cultivation as it was used for vaccination
  2. inoculated the individual through the scaring of the skin
    - ulceration appeared locally
    - rarely the vaccinia virus itself could cause smallpox like symptoms
32
Q

II. Poxviruses - molluscum contagiosum virus
15. What is the disease caused by molluscum contagiosum virus?

A
  • cause of molluscum congatiosum
  • slowly progressing
  • heals spontaneously
  • in AIDS patients and in patients with dermatitis atopica can generalize to the entire body
33
Q

II. Poxviruses - molluscum contagiosum virus
16. What is the source of infection of molluscum contagiosum virus?

A

infected individual

34
Q

II. Poxviruses - molluscum contagiosum virus
17. What is the route of transmission of molluscum contagiosum virus?

A
  • through direct contact
  • sexual transmission
34
Q

II. Poxviruses - molluscum contagiosum virus
18. What are the signs and symptoms of molluscum contagiosum virus?

A

small, white-pink papules, with a central pit

AA Microbio Semifinal (99 decks)

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