II-A. Systemic bacteriology | 18. Yersinia and Pasteurella genus Flashcards

Question 1

Q

I. Pasteurella genus
1. What are the features of Pasteurella genus?

Answer

A

Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic rods

Question 2

Q

I. Pasteurella genus
2. What is the important species of Pasteurella genus

Answer

A

Pasteurella multocida

Question 3

Q

I. Pasteurella genus
3. what is the source of infection for Pasteurella genus?

Answer

A

animals (zoonosis)

Question 4

Q

I. Pasteurella genus
4. what is the route of transmission for Pasteurella genus?

Answer

A

route of transmission: usually through animal bite (cat, dog)
- animal salive could be infectious as well, even without bite!

Question 5

Q

I. Pasteurella genus
5. what are the diseases caused by Pasteurella genus?

Answer

A

soft tissue infections (wound infections)
rarely systemic infections (endocarditis, meningitis, blood stream infection)

Question 6

Q

I. Pasteurella genus
6. how should we diagnose Pasteurella genus?

Answer

A

clinical signs and symptoms
sampling: wound swab / aspirate, blood culture, CSF in systemic infectinos
laboratory: culturing

Question 7

Q

I. Pasteurella genus
7. What is the empirical therapy for Pasteurella genus?

Answer

A

pathogens are usually sensitive to beta-lactam – beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations, cephalosporins, carbapenems
pathogens are usually sensitive to lincosamides (clindamycin), fluoroquinolons (levofloxacin) as well

Question 8

Q

II. Yersinia genus
1. What are the important species of Yersinia genus?

Answer

A

Y. pestis
Y. enterocolitica
Y. pseudotuberculosis

Question 9

Q

II. Yersinia genus - Yersinia pestis
2. What is Yersinia pestis?

Answer

A

pathogen of (black) plague

Question 10

Q

II. Yersinia genus - Yersinia pestis
3. What is the source of infection of Yersinia pestis?

Answer

A

rodents (zoonotic disease!)

Question 11

Q

II. Yersinia genus - Yersinia pestis
4. What is the route of transmission of Yersinia pestis?

Answer

A

by the bite of rat flea (generally)

Question 12

Q

II. Yersinia genus - Yersinia pestis
5. Where can you find Yersinia pestis?

Answer

A

endemic regions in the Americas, in Asia

Question 13

Q

II. Yersinia genus - Yersinia pestis
6. What are the disease forms of Yersinia pestis?

Answer

A

bubonic plague (fever, headache, lymphadenopathy)
septicaemic plague (fatigue, necrotic lesions)
pulmonary plague (haemorrhagic necrotising pneumonia, sputum!)

Question 14

Q

II. Yersinia genus - Yersinia pestis
7. What is the pathomechanism of Yersinia pestis?

Answer

A

as the bacterium reaches the lung becomes capable of to spread from human to human via respiratory droplets
* primary pulmonary plague in the infected ➡ epidemic starts

Question 15

Q

II. Yersinia genus - Yersinia pestis
8. What is the diagnosis of Yersinia pestis?

Question 16

Q

II. Yersinia genus - Yersinia pestis
9. What is the empirical therapy of Yersinia pestis?

Answer

A

aminoglycosides or tetracyclines immediately

Question 17

Q

II. Yersinia genus - Yersinia pestis
10. What is the prevention of Yersinia pestis?

Answer

A

rodent (and flea) control
active immunisation (vaccine) in high risk areas
isolation of the infected person!

Question 18

Q

II. Yersinia genus - Yersinia enterocolitica
11. What’re the features of of Yersinia enterocolitica?

Answer

A

able proliferate at 4 C!
* may infect blood products (spread via transfusion!)

Question 19

Q

II. Yersinia genus - Yersinia enterocolitica
13. What is the route of transmission of Yersinia enterocolitica?

Answer

A

through consumption contaminated food

Question 20

Q

II. Yersinia genus - Yersinia enterocolitica
14. what are the diseases caused by Yersinia enterocolitica?

Answer

A

gastroenteritis (diarrhoea), enterocolitis
symptoms could mimic appendicitis symptoms!
blood stream infection, sepsis (rarely)
sequelae (arthritis, erythema nodosum)